Development of Photocatalytic Ultrafiltration Membranes for Enhanced Removal of Carbamazepine: Optimization and Mechanistic Insights
Carbamazepine (CBZ), a persistent antiepileptic drug, poses significant challenges in water treatment due to its recalcitrance to conventional degradation methods. This study presents a breakthrough in CBZ removal by integrating a photocatalytic ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with precisely engineere...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Engineering |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/je/6698866 |
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| author | Zohaib Ur Rehman Afridi Hassan Younas Abdul Jabbar Ehsan Shahzada Muhammad Sajid Jillani Muhammad Ahsan Amjed |
| author_facet | Zohaib Ur Rehman Afridi Hassan Younas Abdul Jabbar Ehsan Shahzada Muhammad Sajid Jillani Muhammad Ahsan Amjed |
| author_sort | Zohaib Ur Rehman Afridi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carbamazepine (CBZ), a persistent antiepileptic drug, poses significant challenges in water treatment due to its recalcitrance to conventional degradation methods. This study presents a breakthrough in CBZ removal by integrating a photocatalytic ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with precisely engineered surface-immobilized TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) fabricated via an innovative technique developed in our prior work. The UF process, conducted under UV irradiation at 0.5 L/min crossflow, demonstrated exceptional performance when optimizing membrane composition (18% PVDF, 5% ethanol, and 1.5% embedded TiO2) and surface TiO2 NP density (3.04 g/m2), achieving 80% CBZ rejection with a high permeate flux of 100 L/m2/h at low pressures (0.05–0.1 MPa). Crucially, membranes lacking surface TiO2 NPs showed negligible CBZ removal, regardless of UV exposure or pressure, underscoring the necessity of photocatalytic activation. Further analysis revealed that increasing pressure (0.05 → 0.1 MPa) and CBZ concentration (1 → 4 mg/L) reduced rejection efficiency (80% → 42% and 80% → 55%, respectively), highlighting the interplay between operational parameters and membrane performance. This work establishes a groundbreaking strategy for enhancing CBZ elimination, offering critical insights for advancing engineered membrane technologies in water treatment applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-79148dfdeefa4145a0aa6ffc00b4da76 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2314-4912 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-79148dfdeefa4145a0aa6ffc00b4da762025-08-20T02:41:43ZengWileyJournal of Engineering2314-49122025-01-01202510.1155/je/6698866Development of Photocatalytic Ultrafiltration Membranes for Enhanced Removal of Carbamazepine: Optimization and Mechanistic InsightsZohaib Ur Rehman Afridi0Hassan Younas1Abdul Jabbar Ehsan2Shahzada Muhammad Sajid Jillani3Muhammad Ahsan Amjed4Centre For Advanced Studies in EnergyInterdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water SecurityDepartment of Engineering and ManagementInterdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water SecurityDepartment of ChemistryCarbamazepine (CBZ), a persistent antiepileptic drug, poses significant challenges in water treatment due to its recalcitrance to conventional degradation methods. This study presents a breakthrough in CBZ removal by integrating a photocatalytic ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with precisely engineered surface-immobilized TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) fabricated via an innovative technique developed in our prior work. The UF process, conducted under UV irradiation at 0.5 L/min crossflow, demonstrated exceptional performance when optimizing membrane composition (18% PVDF, 5% ethanol, and 1.5% embedded TiO2) and surface TiO2 NP density (3.04 g/m2), achieving 80% CBZ rejection with a high permeate flux of 100 L/m2/h at low pressures (0.05–0.1 MPa). Crucially, membranes lacking surface TiO2 NPs showed negligible CBZ removal, regardless of UV exposure or pressure, underscoring the necessity of photocatalytic activation. Further analysis revealed that increasing pressure (0.05 → 0.1 MPa) and CBZ concentration (1 → 4 mg/L) reduced rejection efficiency (80% → 42% and 80% → 55%, respectively), highlighting the interplay between operational parameters and membrane performance. This work establishes a groundbreaking strategy for enhancing CBZ elimination, offering critical insights for advancing engineered membrane technologies in water treatment applications.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/je/6698866 |
| spellingShingle | Zohaib Ur Rehman Afridi Hassan Younas Abdul Jabbar Ehsan Shahzada Muhammad Sajid Jillani Muhammad Ahsan Amjed Development of Photocatalytic Ultrafiltration Membranes for Enhanced Removal of Carbamazepine: Optimization and Mechanistic Insights Journal of Engineering |
| title | Development of Photocatalytic Ultrafiltration Membranes for Enhanced Removal of Carbamazepine: Optimization and Mechanistic Insights |
| title_full | Development of Photocatalytic Ultrafiltration Membranes for Enhanced Removal of Carbamazepine: Optimization and Mechanistic Insights |
| title_fullStr | Development of Photocatalytic Ultrafiltration Membranes for Enhanced Removal of Carbamazepine: Optimization and Mechanistic Insights |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Photocatalytic Ultrafiltration Membranes for Enhanced Removal of Carbamazepine: Optimization and Mechanistic Insights |
| title_short | Development of Photocatalytic Ultrafiltration Membranes for Enhanced Removal of Carbamazepine: Optimization and Mechanistic Insights |
| title_sort | development of photocatalytic ultrafiltration membranes for enhanced removal of carbamazepine optimization and mechanistic insights |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/je/6698866 |
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