Poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Poor glycemic control increases the risk of acute metabolic derangements and long-term consequences, which are the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Sustaining optimal glycemic control is challenging for children with diabetes, mainly in resource-limited settings. Numerous...
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2025-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23734-9 |
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| author | Fentahun Meseret Awoke Masrie Adisu Birhanu Weldesenbet Zewdu Bishaw Aynalem Melsew Dagne Abate Ahmed Nuru Muhamed Gebremeskel Kibret Abebe |
| author_facet | Fentahun Meseret Awoke Masrie Adisu Birhanu Weldesenbet Zewdu Bishaw Aynalem Melsew Dagne Abate Ahmed Nuru Muhamed Gebremeskel Kibret Abebe |
| author_sort | Fentahun Meseret |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Poor glycemic control increases the risk of acute metabolic derangements and long-term consequences, which are the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Sustaining optimal glycemic control is challenging for children with diabetes, mainly in resource-limited settings. Numerous factors have identified as being associated with poor glycemic control among type 1 diabetic children. However, studies scrutinizing about the magnitude of poor glycemic control have had inconsistent findings in Ethiopia. This systematic review and meta-analysis is therefore aimed at appraising the pooled prevalence of poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia by combining the studies from the existing literatures. Methods All relevant articles published between December 30, 2015 and June 1, 2024, were systematically retrieved from scientific databases (PubMed, Hinari, Scopus, web of science, Science direct and Google scholar). Stata version 17 was used to analyze data (poor glycemic control and factors associated). From the identified studies, the one that shows the association of poor glycemic control and having glucometer were included. I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. Subgroup analysis was done based on sample sizes and year of publication to determine how pooled estimates of poor glycemic control vary across the studies events. The pooled estimate of association between poor glycemic control and having glucometer as glucose level monitoring equipment/device was reported. Results The aggregated seven articles revealed a lower odds of glycemic control among type 1 diabetic patients with no having glucometer as glucose level monitoring device than those who had it (POR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.93). The pooled prevalence of poor glycemic control among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia was 71% (95%: CI: 57, 85); (I2 = 97:57%, P < 0.01). Subgroup analysis was performed based on sample size, and the highest pooled prevalence (76%) was observed among primary studies with sample sizes less than 200. Conclusions The pooled prevalence of poor glycemic control among type 1 diabetic children was high in Ethiopia. Access of glucometer as glucose monitoring was fond to be the significant factor for glycemic control. Therefore, we recommend ministry of health and other stack holders to increase the accessibility of glucometer for all diabetic children in Ethiopia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-78ee2c4aab7a40c1b3752c26bcdd804d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-78ee2c4aab7a40c1b3752c26bcdd804d2025-08-20T03:42:03ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-08-0125111110.1186/s12889-025-23734-9Poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysisFentahun Meseret0Awoke Masrie1Adisu Birhanu Weldesenbet2Zewdu Bishaw Aynalem3Melsew Dagne Abate4Ahmed Nuru Muhamed5Gebremeskel Kibret Abebe6Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya UniversitySchool of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya UniversitySchool of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya UniversityDepartment of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara UniversityDepartment of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara UniversityDepartment of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite UniversityDepartment of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia UniversityAbstract Background Poor glycemic control increases the risk of acute metabolic derangements and long-term consequences, which are the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Sustaining optimal glycemic control is challenging for children with diabetes, mainly in resource-limited settings. Numerous factors have identified as being associated with poor glycemic control among type 1 diabetic children. However, studies scrutinizing about the magnitude of poor glycemic control have had inconsistent findings in Ethiopia. This systematic review and meta-analysis is therefore aimed at appraising the pooled prevalence of poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia by combining the studies from the existing literatures. Methods All relevant articles published between December 30, 2015 and June 1, 2024, were systematically retrieved from scientific databases (PubMed, Hinari, Scopus, web of science, Science direct and Google scholar). Stata version 17 was used to analyze data (poor glycemic control and factors associated). From the identified studies, the one that shows the association of poor glycemic control and having glucometer were included. I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. Subgroup analysis was done based on sample sizes and year of publication to determine how pooled estimates of poor glycemic control vary across the studies events. The pooled estimate of association between poor glycemic control and having glucometer as glucose level monitoring equipment/device was reported. Results The aggregated seven articles revealed a lower odds of glycemic control among type 1 diabetic patients with no having glucometer as glucose level monitoring device than those who had it (POR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.93). The pooled prevalence of poor glycemic control among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia was 71% (95%: CI: 57, 85); (I2 = 97:57%, P < 0.01). Subgroup analysis was performed based on sample size, and the highest pooled prevalence (76%) was observed among primary studies with sample sizes less than 200. Conclusions The pooled prevalence of poor glycemic control among type 1 diabetic children was high in Ethiopia. Access of glucometer as glucose monitoring was fond to be the significant factor for glycemic control. Therefore, we recommend ministry of health and other stack holders to increase the accessibility of glucometer for all diabetic children in Ethiopia.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23734-9Diabetes mellitusGlycemic controlChildrenEthiopiaSystemic review |
| spellingShingle | Fentahun Meseret Awoke Masrie Adisu Birhanu Weldesenbet Zewdu Bishaw Aynalem Melsew Dagne Abate Ahmed Nuru Muhamed Gebremeskel Kibret Abebe Poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Public Health Diabetes mellitus Glycemic control Children Ethiopia Systemic review |
| title | Poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | poor glycemic control and its associated factors among type 1 diabetic children in ethiopia a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Diabetes mellitus Glycemic control Children Ethiopia Systemic review |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23734-9 |
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