Weakening Detection of Composite Structure Adhesive Layer Based on Nonlinear Guided Waves
In this study, a detection method utilizing nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves is presented to tackle the difficulties in detecting localized damage and weakening in bonded composite structures. For a three-layer structure made of polystyrene, acrylic resin, and aluminum plate, dispersion equations f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/4/1836 |
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| author | Fanqiang Bu Wencong Wei Xingguo Wang Xiaogao Li Guolang Shen Chengwen Ma Guoxing Tang |
| author_facet | Fanqiang Bu Wencong Wei Xingguo Wang Xiaogao Li Guolang Shen Chengwen Ma Guoxing Tang |
| author_sort | Fanqiang Bu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, a detection method utilizing nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves is presented to tackle the difficulties in detecting localized damage and weakening in bonded composite structures. For a three-layer structure made of polystyrene, acrylic resin, and aluminum plate, dispersion equations for ultrasonic guided waves were developed using the spring model and wave equation. The A1-S1 mode was selected by examining the material parameters’ influence on the adhesive layer’s dispersion curves. The finite element method was employed to simulate the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves within the composite structure. The error between the theoretically calculated and simulated group velocities was less than 5.15%. As the propagation distance increased, both the nonlinearity coefficient and the amplitude of the second-order harmonic showed an upward trend. This indicates a significant accumulation effect at the second harmonic of nonlinear guided waves. Compared to without adhesive layer weakening, localized and overall weakening resulted in higher amplitudes of the second-order harmonic. Experimental testing of ultrasonic guided waves was conducted to investigate the nonlinear properties of the composite structure. The error between the experimentally measured and theoretically calculated group velocities was less than 6.96%. The experimental results corroborated the propagation accumulation effect of the second-order harmonic amplitude. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-78ed85ff6ffc42e6b6eafb09b0ea8786 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-78ed85ff6ffc42e6b6eafb09b0ea87862025-08-20T02:44:43ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-02-01154183610.3390/app15041836Weakening Detection of Composite Structure Adhesive Layer Based on Nonlinear Guided WavesFanqiang Bu0Wencong Wei1Xingguo Wang2Xiaogao Li3Guolang Shen4Chengwen Ma5Guoxing Tang6School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, ChinaJiangxi Changxing Aviation Equipment Co., Ltd., Jingdezhen 333403, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, ChinaIn this study, a detection method utilizing nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves is presented to tackle the difficulties in detecting localized damage and weakening in bonded composite structures. For a three-layer structure made of polystyrene, acrylic resin, and aluminum plate, dispersion equations for ultrasonic guided waves were developed using the spring model and wave equation. The A1-S1 mode was selected by examining the material parameters’ influence on the adhesive layer’s dispersion curves. The finite element method was employed to simulate the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves within the composite structure. The error between the theoretically calculated and simulated group velocities was less than 5.15%. As the propagation distance increased, both the nonlinearity coefficient and the amplitude of the second-order harmonic showed an upward trend. This indicates a significant accumulation effect at the second harmonic of nonlinear guided waves. Compared to without adhesive layer weakening, localized and overall weakening resulted in higher amplitudes of the second-order harmonic. Experimental testing of ultrasonic guided waves was conducted to investigate the nonlinear properties of the composite structure. The error between the experimentally measured and theoretically calculated group velocities was less than 6.96%. The experimental results corroborated the propagation accumulation effect of the second-order harmonic amplitude.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/4/1836composite structuresdispersion curvenonlinear guided waveadhesive layerweakening |
| spellingShingle | Fanqiang Bu Wencong Wei Xingguo Wang Xiaogao Li Guolang Shen Chengwen Ma Guoxing Tang Weakening Detection of Composite Structure Adhesive Layer Based on Nonlinear Guided Waves Applied Sciences composite structures dispersion curve nonlinear guided wave adhesive layer weakening |
| title | Weakening Detection of Composite Structure Adhesive Layer Based on Nonlinear Guided Waves |
| title_full | Weakening Detection of Composite Structure Adhesive Layer Based on Nonlinear Guided Waves |
| title_fullStr | Weakening Detection of Composite Structure Adhesive Layer Based on Nonlinear Guided Waves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Weakening Detection of Composite Structure Adhesive Layer Based on Nonlinear Guided Waves |
| title_short | Weakening Detection of Composite Structure Adhesive Layer Based on Nonlinear Guided Waves |
| title_sort | weakening detection of composite structure adhesive layer based on nonlinear guided waves |
| topic | composite structures dispersion curve nonlinear guided wave adhesive layer weakening |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/4/1836 |
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