Camellia Sinensis Extracts Embedded in Semipermeable Nanocapsules as Active Ingredient for Dental Adhesives: Biomaterial Synthesis and Effect on the Bond to Human Dentin
Paul Richter-Mendau,1 Marioara Moldovan,2 Adrian Cernescu,3 Codruta Sarosi,2 Nicoleta Ilie1 1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Bavaria, Germany; 2Institute of Chemistry Raluca Ripan, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napo...
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Dove Medical Press
2025-07-01
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| author | Richter-Mendau P Moldovan M Cernescu A Sarosi C Ilie N |
| author_facet | Richter-Mendau P Moldovan M Cernescu A Sarosi C Ilie N |
| author_sort | Richter-Mendau P |
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| description | Paul Richter-Mendau,1 Marioara Moldovan,2 Adrian Cernescu,3 Codruta Sarosi,2 Nicoleta Ilie1 1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Bavaria, Germany; 2Institute of Chemistry Raluca Ripan, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 3Atocube Systems AG, Haar, Bavaria, GermanyCorrespondence: Nicoleta Ilie, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, Munich, D-80336, Germany, Email nicoleta.ilie@med.uni-muenchen.dePurpose: This study aimed to synthesize bioactive dental adhesives using Camellia sinensis (green tea) extracts (GTE) incorporated into innovative semipermeable nanocapsules as active ingredient to stabilize the bond to human dentin.Methods: Nanocapsules and all components of the experimental adhesives were synthesized individually, and the success of the synthesis was verified. Experimental adhesives with varying GTE levels and the current gold-standard adhesive were tested for shear bond strength (SBS) after 24-hours and 6-month aging. Bond morphology was characterized by SEM, nano-IR imaging, and fractography. The composition of the nanocapsules was evaluated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and high-performance liquid-chromatography. Phenol release was evaluated using spectrophotometry. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Tukey HSD, Games-Howell, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney-U, multiple t-tests, and Weibull analysis.Results: The incorporation and release of polyphenols from the experimental adhesives is confirmed. A similar or slightly higher SBS was measured in the control adhesive. Aging does not have a significant impact on SBS, but the bonding reliability of the experimental adhesives remained stable over time, while the reliability of the gold-standard adhesive experienced a decline.Conclusion: The integration of GTE-nanocapsules into an experimental adhesive proved to be a promising concept for maintaining bond strength and reliability during aging. In addition, the used combination of vibrational spectroscopy and high spatial resolution of atomic force microscopy proved to be helpful in closing a nano-analytical diagnostic gap in the molecular spectroscopy of dental nanomaterials.Keywords: dental adhesives, nanocapsules, green tea extract, polyphenols, bond strength, reliability |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-78d3b7ac9ed9490089fd2d4abfc6ac71 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1178-2013 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
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| series | International Journal of Nanomedicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-78d3b7ac9ed9490089fd2d4abfc6ac712025-08-20T03:31:46ZengDove Medical PressInternational Journal of Nanomedicine1178-20132025-07-01Volume 20Issue 193699387105138Camellia Sinensis Extracts Embedded in Semipermeable Nanocapsules as Active Ingredient for Dental Adhesives: Biomaterial Synthesis and Effect on the Bond to Human DentinRichter-Mendau P0Moldovan M1Cernescu A2Sarosi C3Ilie N4Conservative DentistryInstitute of Chemistry Raluca Ripannanoscale analyticsInstitute of Chemistry Raluca RipanConservative dentistryPaul Richter-Mendau,1 Marioara Moldovan,2 Adrian Cernescu,3 Codruta Sarosi,2 Nicoleta Ilie1 1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Bavaria, Germany; 2Institute of Chemistry Raluca Ripan, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 3Atocube Systems AG, Haar, Bavaria, GermanyCorrespondence: Nicoleta Ilie, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, Munich, D-80336, Germany, Email nicoleta.ilie@med.uni-muenchen.dePurpose: This study aimed to synthesize bioactive dental adhesives using Camellia sinensis (green tea) extracts (GTE) incorporated into innovative semipermeable nanocapsules as active ingredient to stabilize the bond to human dentin.Methods: Nanocapsules and all components of the experimental adhesives were synthesized individually, and the success of the synthesis was verified. Experimental adhesives with varying GTE levels and the current gold-standard adhesive were tested for shear bond strength (SBS) after 24-hours and 6-month aging. Bond morphology was characterized by SEM, nano-IR imaging, and fractography. The composition of the nanocapsules was evaluated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and high-performance liquid-chromatography. Phenol release was evaluated using spectrophotometry. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Tukey HSD, Games-Howell, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney-U, multiple t-tests, and Weibull analysis.Results: The incorporation and release of polyphenols from the experimental adhesives is confirmed. A similar or slightly higher SBS was measured in the control adhesive. Aging does not have a significant impact on SBS, but the bonding reliability of the experimental adhesives remained stable over time, while the reliability of the gold-standard adhesive experienced a decline.Conclusion: The integration of GTE-nanocapsules into an experimental adhesive proved to be a promising concept for maintaining bond strength and reliability during aging. In addition, the used combination of vibrational spectroscopy and high spatial resolution of atomic force microscopy proved to be helpful in closing a nano-analytical diagnostic gap in the molecular spectroscopy of dental nanomaterials.Keywords: dental adhesives, nanocapsules, green tea extract, polyphenols, bond strength, reliabilityhttps://www.dovepress.com/camellia-sinensis-extracts-embedded-in-semipermeable-nanocapsules-as-a-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJNDental adhesivesNanocapsulesGreen tea extractPolyphenolsBond strengthReliability. |
| spellingShingle | Richter-Mendau P Moldovan M Cernescu A Sarosi C Ilie N Camellia Sinensis Extracts Embedded in Semipermeable Nanocapsules as Active Ingredient for Dental Adhesives: Biomaterial Synthesis and Effect on the Bond to Human Dentin International Journal of Nanomedicine Dental adhesives Nanocapsules Green tea extract Polyphenols Bond strength Reliability. |
| title | Camellia Sinensis Extracts Embedded in Semipermeable Nanocapsules as Active Ingredient for Dental Adhesives: Biomaterial Synthesis and Effect on the Bond to Human Dentin |
| title_full | Camellia Sinensis Extracts Embedded in Semipermeable Nanocapsules as Active Ingredient for Dental Adhesives: Biomaterial Synthesis and Effect on the Bond to Human Dentin |
| title_fullStr | Camellia Sinensis Extracts Embedded in Semipermeable Nanocapsules as Active Ingredient for Dental Adhesives: Biomaterial Synthesis and Effect on the Bond to Human Dentin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Camellia Sinensis Extracts Embedded in Semipermeable Nanocapsules as Active Ingredient for Dental Adhesives: Biomaterial Synthesis and Effect on the Bond to Human Dentin |
| title_short | Camellia Sinensis Extracts Embedded in Semipermeable Nanocapsules as Active Ingredient for Dental Adhesives: Biomaterial Synthesis and Effect on the Bond to Human Dentin |
| title_sort | camellia sinensis extracts embedded in semipermeable nanocapsules as active ingredient for dental adhesives biomaterial synthesis and effect on the bond to human dentin |
| topic | Dental adhesives Nanocapsules Green tea extract Polyphenols Bond strength Reliability. |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/camellia-sinensis-extracts-embedded-in-semipermeable-nanocapsules-as-a-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJN |
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