Reformate-enriched gasoline-ethanol blends: Volatility criteria and azeotrope formation
Four hydrocarbon-base gasolines (BG) were formulated from the local refinery streams; isomerate, reformate, and light naphtha. The formulations were enriched in reformate. Each of these BG formulations was blended with 10 vol% of anhydrous ethanol. From ASTM-D86 distillation data, eight distillation...
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| Language: | English |
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Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute
2019-12-01
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| Series: | Egyptian Journal of Petroleum |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110062119301709 |
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| author | Manal Amine Ezis N. Awad Y. Barakat |
| author_facet | Manal Amine Ezis N. Awad Y. Barakat |
| author_sort | Manal Amine |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Four hydrocarbon-base gasolines (BG) were formulated from the local refinery streams; isomerate, reformate, and light naphtha. The formulations were enriched in reformate. Each of these BG formulations was blended with 10 vol% of anhydrous ethanol. From ASTM-D86 distillation data, eight distillation curves were constructed and the trend line equations of these distillation curves were developed. Also, the area under each distillation curve (AUDC) was calculated through calculus definite integration technique. Subsequently, the area due to azeotrope formation (ADAF) for each BG-ethanol blend was estimated. In this paper, the influence of increasing reformate proportions on the created positive azeotrope, was studied. Also the influence of increasing reformate proportions on vapor pressure, Temperature for the vapor-liquid ratio of 20, T50 and octane number was studied. The results show that the R2 values of the distillation curve equations prove the reliability of the fits. Also, increasing reformate proportion in the fuel blend improves the octane number while increasing reformate proportion decreases the volatility of the fuel formulation. Keywords: Gasoline-ethanol blend, Reformate, Area under distillation curve, Vapor pressure, T50, Research octane number |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-78cbbbeffb154c75aa1e3f142f3f4996 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1110-0621 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Egyptian Journal of Petroleum |
| spelling | doaj-art-78cbbbeffb154c75aa1e3f142f3f49962025-08-20T03:19:17ZengEgyptian Petroleum Research InstituteEgyptian Journal of Petroleum1110-06212019-12-0128437738210.1016/j.ejpe.2019.08.007Reformate-enriched gasoline-ethanol blends: Volatility criteria and azeotrope formationManal Amine0Ezis N. Awad1Y. Barakat2Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Cairo, EgyptEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Cairo, EgyptCorresponding author.; Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Cairo, EgyptFour hydrocarbon-base gasolines (BG) were formulated from the local refinery streams; isomerate, reformate, and light naphtha. The formulations were enriched in reformate. Each of these BG formulations was blended with 10 vol% of anhydrous ethanol. From ASTM-D86 distillation data, eight distillation curves were constructed and the trend line equations of these distillation curves were developed. Also, the area under each distillation curve (AUDC) was calculated through calculus definite integration technique. Subsequently, the area due to azeotrope formation (ADAF) for each BG-ethanol blend was estimated. In this paper, the influence of increasing reformate proportions on the created positive azeotrope, was studied. Also the influence of increasing reformate proportions on vapor pressure, Temperature for the vapor-liquid ratio of 20, T50 and octane number was studied. The results show that the R2 values of the distillation curve equations prove the reliability of the fits. Also, increasing reformate proportion in the fuel blend improves the octane number while increasing reformate proportion decreases the volatility of the fuel formulation. Keywords: Gasoline-ethanol blend, Reformate, Area under distillation curve, Vapor pressure, T50, Research octane numberhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110062119301709 |
| spellingShingle | Manal Amine Ezis N. Awad Y. Barakat Reformate-enriched gasoline-ethanol blends: Volatility criteria and azeotrope formation Egyptian Journal of Petroleum |
| title | Reformate-enriched gasoline-ethanol blends: Volatility criteria and azeotrope formation |
| title_full | Reformate-enriched gasoline-ethanol blends: Volatility criteria and azeotrope formation |
| title_fullStr | Reformate-enriched gasoline-ethanol blends: Volatility criteria and azeotrope formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reformate-enriched gasoline-ethanol blends: Volatility criteria and azeotrope formation |
| title_short | Reformate-enriched gasoline-ethanol blends: Volatility criteria and azeotrope formation |
| title_sort | reformate enriched gasoline ethanol blends volatility criteria and azeotrope formation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110062119301709 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT manalamine reformateenrichedgasolineethanolblendsvolatilitycriteriaandazeotropeformation AT ezisnawad reformateenrichedgasolineethanolblendsvolatilitycriteriaandazeotropeformation AT ybarakat reformateenrichedgasolineethanolblendsvolatilitycriteriaandazeotropeformation |