A nomogram for predicting malnutrition risk in patients with chronic heart failure and correlation study between GHRL, MSTN, CRP, Hs-CRP
Abstract Objective This study aimed to construct a nomogram to identify risk factors for malnutrition in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and to explore the correlation between Ghrelin (GHRL), Myostatin (MSTN), C-reactive protein (CRP) and High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) to fur...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-08-01
|
| Series: | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04985-1 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849237990723813376 |
|---|---|
| author | Yuling Zha Chengshuai Liu Yuping Zhou Miao Kong Jinlei Liu Lu Jing Hailati Gulimila |
| author_facet | Yuling Zha Chengshuai Liu Yuping Zhou Miao Kong Jinlei Liu Lu Jing Hailati Gulimila |
| author_sort | Yuling Zha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective This study aimed to construct a nomogram to identify risk factors for malnutrition in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and to explore the correlation between Ghrelin (GHRL), Myostatin (MSTN), C-reactive protein (CRP) and High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) to further elucidate the potential pathophysiological mechanisms linking malnutrition/sarcopenia and inflammation. Methods A total of 128 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) admitted to the Cardiology Department of Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, between February 2022 and February 2023, were included in the study. Based on their MNA-SF scale scores, the patients were classified into two groups: the malnutrition group (107 patients) and the non-malnutrition group (21 patients). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for malnutrition in CHF patients, which facilitated the development of a nomogram. Correlation analysis was also conducted to explore the relationships between GHRL, MSTN, CRP, and Hs-CRP. Results Logistic regression analysis identified age, right upper limb diameter, simplified anorexia scale score, and MSTN as significant risk factors for malnutrition in CHF patients (P < 0.05). The nomogram exhibited strong discriminative power during internal validation, with an AUC of 0.917 (95% CI: 0.8439–0.990), a Hosmer–Lemeshow test result of χ2 = 7.966 (P = 0.336), a maximum Youden index of 0.701, an optimal cutoff value of 2.207, sensitivity of 77.7%, and specificity of 92.3%. Calibration curve analysis showed that the nomogram's predictions closely matched the ideal outcomes. Decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated that when the threshold probability exceeded 0.1, the nomogram's clinical net benefit surpassed those of the "full intervention" and "no intervention" strategies, highlighting its strong clinical applicability. Additionally, MSTN was positively correlated with CRP and Hs-CRP, while GHRL was negatively correlated with MSTN, CRP, and Hs-CRP. Significant differences were observed between MSTN, GHRL, and CRP (P < 0.05). Conclusion This study supports the hypothesis that age, right upper limb diameter, simplified anorexia scale score, and MSTN are significant risk factors for malnutrition in CHF patients. The nomogram developed in this study demonstrated robust predictive value for identifying malnutrition in this population. Furthermore, the proposed inflammation-GHRL/MSTN-appetite improvement/muscle growth-CHF improvement pathway offers a potential regulatory mechanism,which represents a promising direction for research into the mechanisms of malnutrition and muscle loss disorders in patients with CHF. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7882ac51ef02436ea97fa25aa652acbf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2261 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| spelling | doaj-art-7882ac51ef02436ea97fa25aa652acbf2025-08-20T04:01:47ZengBMCBMC Cardiovascular Disorders1471-22612025-08-0125111110.1186/s12872-025-04985-1A nomogram for predicting malnutrition risk in patients with chronic heart failure and correlation study between GHRL, MSTN, CRP, Hs-CRPYuling Zha0Chengshuai Liu1Yuping Zhou2Miao Kong3Jinlei Liu4Lu Jing5Hailati Gulimila6Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine SciencesGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesEye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine SciencesYili Prefecture Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalAbstract Objective This study aimed to construct a nomogram to identify risk factors for malnutrition in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and to explore the correlation between Ghrelin (GHRL), Myostatin (MSTN), C-reactive protein (CRP) and High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) to further elucidate the potential pathophysiological mechanisms linking malnutrition/sarcopenia and inflammation. Methods A total of 128 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) admitted to the Cardiology Department of Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, between February 2022 and February 2023, were included in the study. Based on their MNA-SF scale scores, the patients were classified into two groups: the malnutrition group (107 patients) and the non-malnutrition group (21 patients). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for malnutrition in CHF patients, which facilitated the development of a nomogram. Correlation analysis was also conducted to explore the relationships between GHRL, MSTN, CRP, and Hs-CRP. Results Logistic regression analysis identified age, right upper limb diameter, simplified anorexia scale score, and MSTN as significant risk factors for malnutrition in CHF patients (P < 0.05). The nomogram exhibited strong discriminative power during internal validation, with an AUC of 0.917 (95% CI: 0.8439–0.990), a Hosmer–Lemeshow test result of χ2 = 7.966 (P = 0.336), a maximum Youden index of 0.701, an optimal cutoff value of 2.207, sensitivity of 77.7%, and specificity of 92.3%. Calibration curve analysis showed that the nomogram's predictions closely matched the ideal outcomes. Decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated that when the threshold probability exceeded 0.1, the nomogram's clinical net benefit surpassed those of the "full intervention" and "no intervention" strategies, highlighting its strong clinical applicability. Additionally, MSTN was positively correlated with CRP and Hs-CRP, while GHRL was negatively correlated with MSTN, CRP, and Hs-CRP. Significant differences were observed between MSTN, GHRL, and CRP (P < 0.05). Conclusion This study supports the hypothesis that age, right upper limb diameter, simplified anorexia scale score, and MSTN are significant risk factors for malnutrition in CHF patients. The nomogram developed in this study demonstrated robust predictive value for identifying malnutrition in this population. Furthermore, the proposed inflammation-GHRL/MSTN-appetite improvement/muscle growth-CHF improvement pathway offers a potential regulatory mechanism,which represents a promising direction for research into the mechanisms of malnutrition and muscle loss disorders in patients with CHF.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04985-1Chronic heart failureMalnutritionGhrelinMyostatinNomogram |
| spellingShingle | Yuling Zha Chengshuai Liu Yuping Zhou Miao Kong Jinlei Liu Lu Jing Hailati Gulimila A nomogram for predicting malnutrition risk in patients with chronic heart failure and correlation study between GHRL, MSTN, CRP, Hs-CRP BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Chronic heart failure Malnutrition Ghrelin Myostatin Nomogram |
| title | A nomogram for predicting malnutrition risk in patients with chronic heart failure and correlation study between GHRL, MSTN, CRP, Hs-CRP |
| title_full | A nomogram for predicting malnutrition risk in patients with chronic heart failure and correlation study between GHRL, MSTN, CRP, Hs-CRP |
| title_fullStr | A nomogram for predicting malnutrition risk in patients with chronic heart failure and correlation study between GHRL, MSTN, CRP, Hs-CRP |
| title_full_unstemmed | A nomogram for predicting malnutrition risk in patients with chronic heart failure and correlation study between GHRL, MSTN, CRP, Hs-CRP |
| title_short | A nomogram for predicting malnutrition risk in patients with chronic heart failure and correlation study between GHRL, MSTN, CRP, Hs-CRP |
| title_sort | nomogram for predicting malnutrition risk in patients with chronic heart failure and correlation study between ghrl mstn crp hs crp |
| topic | Chronic heart failure Malnutrition Ghrelin Myostatin Nomogram |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-025-04985-1 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yulingzha anomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT chengshuailiu anomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT yupingzhou anomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT miaokong anomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT jinleiliu anomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT lujing anomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT hailatigulimila anomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT yulingzha nomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT chengshuailiu nomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT yupingzhou nomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT miaokong nomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT jinleiliu nomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT lujing nomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp AT hailatigulimila nomogramforpredictingmalnutritionriskinpatientswithchronicheartfailureandcorrelationstudybetweenghrlmstncrphscrp |