Efficient quantum random number generation via simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensions
Abstract Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce true random numbers with significant applications in quantum communication and numerical computation, where high-rate random number generation is critical. Photon detection-based quantum random-number generation methods have been widely studi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03680-7 |
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| _version_ | 1849688309101494272 |
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| author | Bingkun Wang Jianyong Hu Xingjian Li Jianqiang Liu Shuxiao Wu Haizhen Li Liwen Zhang Changgang Yang Zhixing Qiao Ruiyun Chen Guofeng Zhang Chengbing Qin Liantuan Xiao Suotang Jia |
| author_facet | Bingkun Wang Jianyong Hu Xingjian Li Jianqiang Liu Shuxiao Wu Haizhen Li Liwen Zhang Changgang Yang Zhixing Qiao Ruiyun Chen Guofeng Zhang Chengbing Qin Liantuan Xiao Suotang Jia |
| author_sort | Bingkun Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce true random numbers with significant applications in quantum communication and numerical computation, where high-rate random number generation is critical. Photon detection-based quantum random-number generation methods have been widely studied. However, the generation rate is constrained by the count rate of single-photon detectors. This study proposes an efficient method that enhances random number generation by simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensions. We achieved simultaneous detection of photon arrival time and spatial position by employing a laboratory-developed 5 × 5 single-photon detector array and a high-saturation count rate multichannel time-to-digital converter. The maximum efficiency of the method was 21.1 bits per event and it maintained a consistent efficiency of 17.6 bits per event while achieving a random number generation rate of 2.1 Gbps. The proposed QRNG approach offers a promising pathway for significantly increasing random number generation rates, benefiting applications that require secure and high-speed random number sequences. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-78672269c4d14f2e9cf864ed9ba85deb |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-78672269c4d14f2e9cf864ed9ba85deb2025-08-20T03:22:03ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-011511810.1038/s41598-025-03680-7Efficient quantum random number generation via simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensionsBingkun Wang0Jianyong Hu1Xingjian Li2Jianqiang Liu3Shuxiao Wu4Haizhen Li5Liwen Zhang6Changgang Yang7Zhixing Qiao8Ruiyun Chen9Guofeng Zhang10Chengbing Qin11Liantuan Xiao12Suotang Jia13State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversityState Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversityState Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversityCollege of Information Engineering, Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversityState Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversitySchool of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversityCollege of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical UniversityState Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversityState Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversityState Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversityState Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversityState Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi UniversityAbstract Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce true random numbers with significant applications in quantum communication and numerical computation, where high-rate random number generation is critical. Photon detection-based quantum random-number generation methods have been widely studied. However, the generation rate is constrained by the count rate of single-photon detectors. This study proposes an efficient method that enhances random number generation by simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensions. We achieved simultaneous detection of photon arrival time and spatial position by employing a laboratory-developed 5 × 5 single-photon detector array and a high-saturation count rate multichannel time-to-digital converter. The maximum efficiency of the method was 21.1 bits per event and it maintained a consistent efficiency of 17.6 bits per event while achieving a random number generation rate of 2.1 Gbps. The proposed QRNG approach offers a promising pathway for significantly increasing random number generation rates, benefiting applications that require secure and high-speed random number sequences.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03680-7 |
| spellingShingle | Bingkun Wang Jianyong Hu Xingjian Li Jianqiang Liu Shuxiao Wu Haizhen Li Liwen Zhang Changgang Yang Zhixing Qiao Ruiyun Chen Guofeng Zhang Chengbing Qin Liantuan Xiao Suotang Jia Efficient quantum random number generation via simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensions Scientific Reports |
| title | Efficient quantum random number generation via simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensions |
| title_full | Efficient quantum random number generation via simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensions |
| title_fullStr | Efficient quantum random number generation via simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficient quantum random number generation via simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensions |
| title_short | Efficient quantum random number generation via simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensions |
| title_sort | efficient quantum random number generation via simultaneously detecting photons in temporal and spatial dimensions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03680-7 |
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