Landscape as a Shared Space for Badgers and Cattle: Insights Into Indirect Contact and Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission Risk

ABSTRACT Though the magnitude of effect is uncertain, badger–cattle indirect contact has been implicated in bovine tuberculosis (bTB) transmission risk to cattle despite a paucity of data on badger space use. This study tracked field use by 35 GPS‐collared bTB test‐negative badgers (n = 3738 locatio...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Emma L. Holmes, Maria J. H. O’Hagan, Fraser D. Menzies, Andrew W. Byrne, Kathryn R. McBride, Charles M. McCormick, David M. Scantlebury, Neil Reid
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-04-01
Series:Ecology and Evolution
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71114
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849433835363631104
author Emma L. Holmes
Maria J. H. O’Hagan
Fraser D. Menzies
Andrew W. Byrne
Kathryn R. McBride
Charles M. McCormick
David M. Scantlebury
Neil Reid
author_facet Emma L. Holmes
Maria J. H. O’Hagan
Fraser D. Menzies
Andrew W. Byrne
Kathryn R. McBride
Charles M. McCormick
David M. Scantlebury
Neil Reid
author_sort Emma L. Holmes
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Though the magnitude of effect is uncertain, badger–cattle indirect contact has been implicated in bovine tuberculosis (bTB) transmission risk to cattle despite a paucity of data on badger space use. This study tracked field use by 35 GPS‐collared bTB test‐negative badgers (n = 3738 locational fixes, average fixes/badger = 107) and cattle grazing regimes at 446 fields over one grazing season (May–November 2016) on 18 farms (n = 56,202 field‐days). Individual badger visits spanned on average 3 farms (max. 9 farms). Badgers entered fields when occupied by grazing cattle on 20% of field‐days (nights). Most individual badgers (n = 25; 71%) were recorded in the same field as cattle on multiple occasions (up to 124 field‐days each). There was substantial interindividual variation, with 29% of badgers (n = 10) never co‐occurring with cattle. Badger field use was positively associated with dairy (rather than beef) production (especially when grazing cattle were present) and with fodder and rough grazing fields (compared with improved pasture and ‘other’ cattle‐related land use). Badgers were recorded in larger fields (range 0.06 to 10.9 ha) more frequently, especially when not actively grazed. They were significantly less likely to use fields with calves compared to fields containing cattle of other age groups. The presence of a badger sett in a field increased the likelihood of field use by tracked badgers. Farm management that minimises cattle–badger indirect contact in fields with setts may reduce bTB transmission risk to cattle. Delaying grazing of fodder fields after (silage) harvest until sward length has increased, restricting grazing to improved pastures, keeping calves with cows longer, or ensuring all batches of cattle have at least some calves present and not grazing fields with badger setts (or fencing around setts to prevent cattle access) may provide simple, cost‐effective strategies to reduce indirect badger–cattle contact, thus potentially lowering bTB transmission risk.
format Article
id doaj-art-7851f8d87b824910ba1ffe167a0277c2
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-7758
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Ecology and Evolution
spelling doaj-art-7851f8d87b824910ba1ffe167a0277c22025-08-20T03:26:53ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582025-04-01154n/an/a10.1002/ece3.71114Landscape as a Shared Space for Badgers and Cattle: Insights Into Indirect Contact and Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission RiskEmma L. Holmes0Maria J. H. O’Hagan1Fraser D. Menzies2Andrew W. Byrne3Kathryn R. McBride4Charles M. McCormick5David M. Scantlebury6Neil Reid7Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast Belfast UKDepartment of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA), Veterinary Epidemiology Unit Belfast UKDepartment of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA), Veterinary Epidemiology Unit Belfast UKAgri‐Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI), Veterinary Sciences Division Belfast UKDepartment of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA), Veterinary Epidemiology Unit Belfast UKAgri‐Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI), Veterinary Sciences Division Belfast UKInstitute for Global Food Security (IGFS), School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast Belfast UKInstitute for Global Food Security (IGFS), School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast Belfast UKABSTRACT Though the magnitude of effect is uncertain, badger–cattle indirect contact has been implicated in bovine tuberculosis (bTB) transmission risk to cattle despite a paucity of data on badger space use. This study tracked field use by 35 GPS‐collared bTB test‐negative badgers (n = 3738 locational fixes, average fixes/badger = 107) and cattle grazing regimes at 446 fields over one grazing season (May–November 2016) on 18 farms (n = 56,202 field‐days). Individual badger visits spanned on average 3 farms (max. 9 farms). Badgers entered fields when occupied by grazing cattle on 20% of field‐days (nights). Most individual badgers (n = 25; 71%) were recorded in the same field as cattle on multiple occasions (up to 124 field‐days each). There was substantial interindividual variation, with 29% of badgers (n = 10) never co‐occurring with cattle. Badger field use was positively associated with dairy (rather than beef) production (especially when grazing cattle were present) and with fodder and rough grazing fields (compared with improved pasture and ‘other’ cattle‐related land use). Badgers were recorded in larger fields (range 0.06 to 10.9 ha) more frequently, especially when not actively grazed. They were significantly less likely to use fields with calves compared to fields containing cattle of other age groups. The presence of a badger sett in a field increased the likelihood of field use by tracked badgers. Farm management that minimises cattle–badger indirect contact in fields with setts may reduce bTB transmission risk to cattle. Delaying grazing of fodder fields after (silage) harvest until sward length has increased, restricting grazing to improved pastures, keeping calves with cows longer, or ensuring all batches of cattle have at least some calves present and not grazing fields with badger setts (or fencing around setts to prevent cattle access) may provide simple, cost‐effective strategies to reduce indirect badger–cattle contact, thus potentially lowering bTB transmission risk.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71114cattleEuropean badgersgrazingindirect contactMeles meles
spellingShingle Emma L. Holmes
Maria J. H. O’Hagan
Fraser D. Menzies
Andrew W. Byrne
Kathryn R. McBride
Charles M. McCormick
David M. Scantlebury
Neil Reid
Landscape as a Shared Space for Badgers and Cattle: Insights Into Indirect Contact and Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission Risk
Ecology and Evolution
cattle
European badgers
grazing
indirect contact
Meles meles
title Landscape as a Shared Space for Badgers and Cattle: Insights Into Indirect Contact and Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission Risk
title_full Landscape as a Shared Space for Badgers and Cattle: Insights Into Indirect Contact and Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission Risk
title_fullStr Landscape as a Shared Space for Badgers and Cattle: Insights Into Indirect Contact and Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission Risk
title_full_unstemmed Landscape as a Shared Space for Badgers and Cattle: Insights Into Indirect Contact and Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission Risk
title_short Landscape as a Shared Space for Badgers and Cattle: Insights Into Indirect Contact and Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission Risk
title_sort landscape as a shared space for badgers and cattle insights into indirect contact and bovine tuberculosis transmission risk
topic cattle
European badgers
grazing
indirect contact
Meles meles
url https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71114
work_keys_str_mv AT emmalholmes landscapeasasharedspaceforbadgersandcattleinsightsintoindirectcontactandbovinetuberculosistransmissionrisk
AT mariajhohagan landscapeasasharedspaceforbadgersandcattleinsightsintoindirectcontactandbovinetuberculosistransmissionrisk
AT fraserdmenzies landscapeasasharedspaceforbadgersandcattleinsightsintoindirectcontactandbovinetuberculosistransmissionrisk
AT andrewwbyrne landscapeasasharedspaceforbadgersandcattleinsightsintoindirectcontactandbovinetuberculosistransmissionrisk
AT kathrynrmcbride landscapeasasharedspaceforbadgersandcattleinsightsintoindirectcontactandbovinetuberculosistransmissionrisk
AT charlesmmccormick landscapeasasharedspaceforbadgersandcattleinsightsintoindirectcontactandbovinetuberculosistransmissionrisk
AT davidmscantlebury landscapeasasharedspaceforbadgersandcattleinsightsintoindirectcontactandbovinetuberculosistransmissionrisk
AT neilreid landscapeasasharedspaceforbadgersandcattleinsightsintoindirectcontactandbovinetuberculosistransmissionrisk