Hydropower Development in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe: A Comprehensive Review

All continents are currently undergoing energy transitions toward low-carbon economies driven by renewable technologies. Africa is no exception; with its rapidly growing population and expanding economy, it represents nearly one-fifth of the global demographic. Although the African continent contri...

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Main Author: Sebastian Naranjo-Silva
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidad Politécnica Salesiana 2025-07-01
Series:Ingenius: Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología
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Online Access:https://alteridad.ups.edu.ec/index.php/ingenius/article/view/9466
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author Sebastian Naranjo-Silva
author_facet Sebastian Naranjo-Silva
author_sort Sebastian Naranjo-Silva
collection DOAJ
description All continents are currently undergoing energy transitions toward low-carbon economies driven by renewable technologies. Africa is no exception; with its rapidly growing population and expanding economy, it represents nearly one-fifth of the global demographic. Although the African continent contributes less than 3% of global carbon emissions, it is already experiencing severe and disproportionate impacts from climate change. This manuscript aims to analyze hydropower development in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, with the objective of assessing the current use of this renewable energy resource and its project role. These countries were selected due to their significant hydroelectric potential and ongoing investment in renewable energy infrastructure. While these nations have made substantial commitments to hydropower, climate-induced shifts in hydrological patterns, particularly increased drought risk, pose serious challenges to energy security and sustainability. Consequently, electric utilities must not only forecast project future energy generation but also implement robust mitigation and adaptation strategies to safeguard long-term investments. Given the critical role of climate change as an external variable influencing energy planning, it is essential to evaluate hydropower generation and reservoir operations through a multidimensional framework that includes parameters such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, river flow, watershed characteristics, and other related factors.
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spelling doaj-art-780550239d0b4c9f801fc0dfcf3410542025-08-20T03:34:58ZengUniversidad Politécnica SalesianaIngenius: Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología1390-650X1390-860X2025-07-013410.17163/ings.n34.2025.07Hydropower Development in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe: A Comprehensive ReviewSebastian Naranjo-Silva0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1430-8140Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña All continents are currently undergoing energy transitions toward low-carbon economies driven by renewable technologies. Africa is no exception; with its rapidly growing population and expanding economy, it represents nearly one-fifth of the global demographic. Although the African continent contributes less than 3% of global carbon emissions, it is already experiencing severe and disproportionate impacts from climate change. This manuscript aims to analyze hydropower development in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, with the objective of assessing the current use of this renewable energy resource and its project role. These countries were selected due to their significant hydroelectric potential and ongoing investment in renewable energy infrastructure. While these nations have made substantial commitments to hydropower, climate-induced shifts in hydrological patterns, particularly increased drought risk, pose serious challenges to energy security and sustainability. Consequently, electric utilities must not only forecast project future energy generation but also implement robust mitigation and adaptation strategies to safeguard long-term investments. Given the critical role of climate change as an external variable influencing energy planning, it is essential to evaluate hydropower generation and reservoir operations through a multidimensional framework that includes parameters such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, river flow, watershed characteristics, and other related factors. https://alteridad.ups.edu.ec/index.php/ingenius/article/view/9466Africahydroelectric energyprojectionssustaninability
spellingShingle Sebastian Naranjo-Silva
Hydropower Development in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe: A Comprehensive Review
Ingenius: Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología
Africa
hydroelectric energy
projections
sustaninability
title Hydropower Development in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe: A Comprehensive Review
title_full Hydropower Development in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe: A Comprehensive Review
title_fullStr Hydropower Development in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe: A Comprehensive Review
title_full_unstemmed Hydropower Development in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe: A Comprehensive Review
title_short Hydropower Development in Ethiopia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe: A Comprehensive Review
title_sort hydropower development in ethiopia tanzania zambia and zimbabwe a comprehensive review
topic Africa
hydroelectric energy
projections
sustaninability
url https://alteridad.ups.edu.ec/index.php/ingenius/article/view/9466
work_keys_str_mv AT sebastiannaranjosilva hydropowerdevelopmentinethiopiatanzaniazambiaandzimbabweacomprehensivereview