Quality prediction method for automotive body resistance spot welding based on digital twin technology

Abstract In the resistance spot welding (RSW) process of automotive bodies, accurately predicting the welding quality is of vital importance for ensuring the safety and reliability of vehicles. However, traditional prediction methods are limited by the constraints of on-site data collection, which p...

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Main Authors: Ruiping Luo, Shengwen Zhou, Liangyi Nie, Bowen Dong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09959-z
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author Ruiping Luo
Shengwen Zhou
Liangyi Nie
Bowen Dong
author_facet Ruiping Luo
Shengwen Zhou
Liangyi Nie
Bowen Dong
author_sort Ruiping Luo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract In the resistance spot welding (RSW) process of automotive bodies, accurately predicting the welding quality is of vital importance for ensuring the safety and reliability of vehicles. However, traditional prediction methods are limited by the constraints of on-site data collection, which poses challenges to the accuracy of predictions. Therefore, a new RSW quality prediction method based on digital twin (DT) is proposed. Firstly, virtual data of dynamic resistance is generated through the DT model. Then, the generative adversarial network (GAN) method is employed to expand the virtual data and physical data. Finally, the prediction model of RSW quality is constructed through a back propagation (BP) neural network and Bayesian optimization method. Finally, a case study is conducted to verify the effect of virtual data on the performance of the prediction model and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. In addition, the SHAP (Shapley additive explanations) method is used to investigate the impact of various input variables on RSW quality, thereby establishing a foundation for optimizing the RSW process.
format Article
id doaj-art-77eacc1da993427fab9a666a10447128
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-77eacc1da993427fab9a666a104471282025-08-20T04:02:45ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111610.1038/s41598-025-09959-zQuality prediction method for automotive body resistance spot welding based on digital twin technologyRuiping Luo0Shengwen Zhou1Liangyi Nie2Bowen Dong3School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic UniversitySchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic UniversitySchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic UniversitySchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic UniversityAbstract In the resistance spot welding (RSW) process of automotive bodies, accurately predicting the welding quality is of vital importance for ensuring the safety and reliability of vehicles. However, traditional prediction methods are limited by the constraints of on-site data collection, which poses challenges to the accuracy of predictions. Therefore, a new RSW quality prediction method based on digital twin (DT) is proposed. Firstly, virtual data of dynamic resistance is generated through the DT model. Then, the generative adversarial network (GAN) method is employed to expand the virtual data and physical data. Finally, the prediction model of RSW quality is constructed through a back propagation (BP) neural network and Bayesian optimization method. Finally, a case study is conducted to verify the effect of virtual data on the performance of the prediction model and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. In addition, the SHAP (Shapley additive explanations) method is used to investigate the impact of various input variables on RSW quality, thereby establishing a foundation for optimizing the RSW process.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09959-zDigital twinResistance spot weldingQuality predictionBayesian optimizationSHAP
spellingShingle Ruiping Luo
Shengwen Zhou
Liangyi Nie
Bowen Dong
Quality prediction method for automotive body resistance spot welding based on digital twin technology
Scientific Reports
Digital twin
Resistance spot welding
Quality prediction
Bayesian optimization
SHAP
title Quality prediction method for automotive body resistance spot welding based on digital twin technology
title_full Quality prediction method for automotive body resistance spot welding based on digital twin technology
title_fullStr Quality prediction method for automotive body resistance spot welding based on digital twin technology
title_full_unstemmed Quality prediction method for automotive body resistance spot welding based on digital twin technology
title_short Quality prediction method for automotive body resistance spot welding based on digital twin technology
title_sort quality prediction method for automotive body resistance spot welding based on digital twin technology
topic Digital twin
Resistance spot welding
Quality prediction
Bayesian optimization
SHAP
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09959-z
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AT shengwenzhou qualitypredictionmethodforautomotivebodyresistancespotweldingbasedondigitaltwintechnology
AT liangyinie qualitypredictionmethodforautomotivebodyresistancespotweldingbasedondigitaltwintechnology
AT bowendong qualitypredictionmethodforautomotivebodyresistancespotweldingbasedondigitaltwintechnology