Growth of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Black and White Young Adults
Background There are few longitudinal studies that have comprehensively examined the intima‐media thickness (IMT) growth pattern and its determinants among racial population groups. Methods and Results Mean and maximum IMT were measured by B‐mode ultrasonography up to 3 times in 253 white and 268 bl...
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Wiley
2016-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.116.004147 |
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| author | Guang Hao Xiaoling Wang Frank A. Treiber Harry Davis Sharika Leverett Shaoyong Su Gaston Kapuku |
| author_facet | Guang Hao Xiaoling Wang Frank A. Treiber Harry Davis Sharika Leverett Shaoyong Su Gaston Kapuku |
| author_sort | Guang Hao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background There are few longitudinal studies that have comprehensively examined the intima‐media thickness (IMT) growth pattern and its determinants among racial population groups. Methods and Results Mean and maximum IMT were measured by B‐mode ultrasonography up to 3 times in 253 white and 268 black participants, aged 13 to 36 years (mean age±standard deviation 24±3.2 years old). The development of IMT was assessed using individual growth curve modeling. A total of 521 participants with 1015 IMT measurements were eligible for this study. We found higher IMT in both left and right sides in blacks compared to whites (P<0.001) in young adulthood. Both whites and blacks showed a strong linear increase in mean IMT with age. Body mass index and father's education level were associated with mean IMT, and only body mass index was associated with maximum IMT (P<0.05). We did not observe an interaction between age and race/ethnicity on the growth of IMT, suggesting that blacks and whites developed IMT in similar patterns. Interestingly, we found a faster increase in mean left‐side IMT than mean right‐side IMT (χ2=11.5, P<0.001) in both black and white subjects as well as in males and females. Conclusions Our findings provide compelling prospective evidence that blacks may have thicker IMT compared to whites as young adults. These racial differences could not be explained by traditional risk factors. This implies that differences in this precursor of atherosclerosis may explain racial disparity in cerebrovascular disease. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-77da40cc63cb4adaa4e5b2fc5f31c0e3 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-77da40cc63cb4adaa4e5b2fc5f31c0e32025-08-20T03:16:08ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802016-12-0151210.1161/JAHA.116.004147Growth of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Black and White Young AdultsGuang Hao0Xiaoling Wang1Frank A. Treiber2Harry Davis3Sharika Leverett4Shaoyong Su5Gaston Kapuku6Department of Pediatrics Medical College of Georgia Georgia Prevention Institute Augusta University Augusta GADepartment of Pediatrics Medical College of Georgia Georgia Prevention Institute Augusta University Augusta GATechnology Applications Center for Healthful Lifestyles Colleges of Nursing and Medicine Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SCDepartment of Pediatrics Medical College of Georgia Georgia Prevention Institute Augusta University Augusta GADepartment of Pediatrics Medical College of Georgia Georgia Prevention Institute Augusta University Augusta GADepartment of Pediatrics Medical College of Georgia Georgia Prevention Institute Augusta University Augusta GADepartment of Pediatrics Medical College of Georgia Georgia Prevention Institute Augusta University Augusta GABackground There are few longitudinal studies that have comprehensively examined the intima‐media thickness (IMT) growth pattern and its determinants among racial population groups. Methods and Results Mean and maximum IMT were measured by B‐mode ultrasonography up to 3 times in 253 white and 268 black participants, aged 13 to 36 years (mean age±standard deviation 24±3.2 years old). The development of IMT was assessed using individual growth curve modeling. A total of 521 participants with 1015 IMT measurements were eligible for this study. We found higher IMT in both left and right sides in blacks compared to whites (P<0.001) in young adulthood. Both whites and blacks showed a strong linear increase in mean IMT with age. Body mass index and father's education level were associated with mean IMT, and only body mass index was associated with maximum IMT (P<0.05). We did not observe an interaction between age and race/ethnicity on the growth of IMT, suggesting that blacks and whites developed IMT in similar patterns. Interestingly, we found a faster increase in mean left‐side IMT than mean right‐side IMT (χ2=11.5, P<0.001) in both black and white subjects as well as in males and females. Conclusions Our findings provide compelling prospective evidence that blacks may have thicker IMT compared to whites as young adults. These racial differences could not be explained by traditional risk factors. This implies that differences in this precursor of atherosclerosis may explain racial disparity in cerebrovascular disease.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.116.004147carotid intima‐media thicknessrace/ethnicitygrowth curvelongitudinal cohort study |
| spellingShingle | Guang Hao Xiaoling Wang Frank A. Treiber Harry Davis Sharika Leverett Shaoyong Su Gaston Kapuku Growth of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Black and White Young Adults Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease carotid intima‐media thickness race/ethnicity growth curve longitudinal cohort study |
| title | Growth of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Black and White Young Adults |
| title_full | Growth of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Black and White Young Adults |
| title_fullStr | Growth of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Black and White Young Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Growth of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Black and White Young Adults |
| title_short | Growth of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Black and White Young Adults |
| title_sort | growth of carotid intima media thickness in black and white young adults |
| topic | carotid intima‐media thickness race/ethnicity growth curve longitudinal cohort study |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.116.004147 |
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