Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection and Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
The effects of a concomitant infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still debated, with a recognized major risk of HBV reactivation during immune-suppressive treatments. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predi...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Lucio Boglione Maria Grazia Crobu Mario Pirisi Carlo Smirne |
| author_facet | Lucio Boglione Maria Grazia Crobu Mario Pirisi Carlo Smirne |
| author_sort | Lucio Boglione |
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| description | The effects of a concomitant infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still debated, with a recognized major risk of HBV reactivation during immune-suppressive treatments. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictive factors of HBV reactivation in a cohort of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and a current or past hepatitis B infection. In a monocentric retrospective observational study, we enrolled all consecutive hospital admitted patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and a positive HBV serology (N = 84) in our Infectious Diseases Unit from April 2021 to December 2023. We identified 18 (21%) HBsAg-positive/anti-HBc-positive, 41 (49%) HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive/anti-HBs-positive, and 25 (30%) HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive/anti-HBs-negative subjects. The overall rate of hepatitis flare was 10.7%, without any HBsAg seroreversion, severe HBV reactivation, and/or need for new HBV antiviral therapy introduction. Systemic corticosteroid treatment for COVID-19 and baseline anti-HBsAg status were associated with this risk of HBV reactivation. In conclusion, the overall risk of hepatitis flares in hospitalized COVID-19 was reasonably low, with higher doses of corticosteroids treatment being the major risk factor for HBV reactivation, and anti-HBs-positive serological status as a protective element. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-77d335bfe6354941ad82416841e50b28 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-77d335bfe6354941ad82416841e50b282025-01-24T13:52:21ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-12-011714010.3390/v17010040Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection and Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort StudyLucio Boglione0Maria Grazia Crobu1Mario Pirisi2Carlo Smirne3Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, ItalyLaboratory of Molecular Virology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, ItalyThe effects of a concomitant infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still debated, with a recognized major risk of HBV reactivation during immune-suppressive treatments. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictive factors of HBV reactivation in a cohort of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and a current or past hepatitis B infection. In a monocentric retrospective observational study, we enrolled all consecutive hospital admitted patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and a positive HBV serology (N = 84) in our Infectious Diseases Unit from April 2021 to December 2023. We identified 18 (21%) HBsAg-positive/anti-HBc-positive, 41 (49%) HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive/anti-HBs-positive, and 25 (30%) HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive/anti-HBs-negative subjects. The overall rate of hepatitis flare was 10.7%, without any HBsAg seroreversion, severe HBV reactivation, and/or need for new HBV antiviral therapy introduction. Systemic corticosteroid treatment for COVID-19 and baseline anti-HBsAg status were associated with this risk of HBV reactivation. In conclusion, the overall risk of hepatitis flares in hospitalized COVID-19 was reasonably low, with higher doses of corticosteroids treatment being the major risk factor for HBV reactivation, and anti-HBs-positive serological status as a protective element.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/40COVID-19SARS-CoV-2hepatitis B viruschronic hepatitis BHBV reactivationcoinfection |
| spellingShingle | Lucio Boglione Maria Grazia Crobu Mario Pirisi Carlo Smirne Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection and Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study Viruses COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 hepatitis B virus chronic hepatitis B HBV reactivation coinfection |
| title | Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection and Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_full | Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection and Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection and Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection and Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_short | Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection and Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_sort | clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with chronic hbv infection and hospitalized for covid 19 pneumonia a retrospective cohort study |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 hepatitis B virus chronic hepatitis B HBV reactivation coinfection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/40 |
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