Assessing antimicrobial use patterns in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities: A cross-sectional study protocol.

The threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Malawi is high with reported mortality of 19,300 annually, the 23rd highest age-standardised mortality. One of the drivers of AMR is misuse of antibiotics, a phenomenon that has not been adequately researched in Malawi. This study aims to investigate a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Evans Chimayi Chirambo, Francis Kachidza Chiumia, Dumisani Nkhoma, Collins Mitambo, Sharon Odeo, Patience Khomani, Innocent Chibwe, Simon Matchado, Pacharo Matchere, Beatrice Chiweza, Elled Mwenyekonde, Elizabeth Kampira, Happy Makala
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2024-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306509
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850120381566812160
author Evans Chimayi Chirambo
Francis Kachidza Chiumia
Dumisani Nkhoma
Collins Mitambo
Sharon Odeo
Patience Khomani
Innocent Chibwe
Simon Matchado
Pacharo Matchere
Beatrice Chiweza
Elled Mwenyekonde
Elizabeth Kampira
Happy Makala
author_facet Evans Chimayi Chirambo
Francis Kachidza Chiumia
Dumisani Nkhoma
Collins Mitambo
Sharon Odeo
Patience Khomani
Innocent Chibwe
Simon Matchado
Pacharo Matchere
Beatrice Chiweza
Elled Mwenyekonde
Elizabeth Kampira
Happy Makala
author_sort Evans Chimayi Chirambo
collection DOAJ
description The threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Malawi is high with reported mortality of 19,300 annually, the 23rd highest age-standardised mortality. One of the drivers of AMR is misuse of antibiotics, a phenomenon that has not been adequately researched in Malawi. This study aims to investigate antimicrobial use using health facility, prescribing and patient indicators in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities. This will be a multiple cross-sectional study, which will collect data from facilities (22), prescriptions (660), and patients (303). Data will be collected using KoboToolbox v2021, and exported into Microsoft Excel version 2016 for cleaning and coding. Variables will be categorised according to the antimicrobial use indicators. The study will use STATA Version 14 statistical software for data analysis. Subsequently, facilities will be entered into ArcGIS Version 10.7.1 to map hotspots of irrational antimicrobial use. The study will run from October 2024 to June 2025. This study will provide detailed information on frequently used antimicrobials, the cost of antimicrobials relative to medicine budget, the intensity of exposure to antimicrobials, the availability of antimicrobials, patients' understanding of antimicrobials use, and availability of important documents for antimicrobial use. Secondarily, the study will unravel the prevalence of irrational antimicrobial use, the main factors contributing to it, and location where irrational use is most prevalent. These findings will inform the national antimicrobial stewardship action plan, aiming to safeguard the available antimicrobials.
format Article
id doaj-art-77ab8d64303544ab9f123037f90cd018
institution OA Journals
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-77ab8d64303544ab9f123037f90cd0182025-08-20T02:35:22ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032024-01-011912e030650910.1371/journal.pone.0306509Assessing antimicrobial use patterns in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities: A cross-sectional study protocol.Evans Chimayi ChiramboFrancis Kachidza ChiumiaDumisani NkhomaCollins MitamboSharon OdeoPatience KhomaniInnocent ChibweSimon MatchadoPacharo MatchereBeatrice ChiwezaElled MwenyekondeElizabeth KampiraHappy MakalaThe threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Malawi is high with reported mortality of 19,300 annually, the 23rd highest age-standardised mortality. One of the drivers of AMR is misuse of antibiotics, a phenomenon that has not been adequately researched in Malawi. This study aims to investigate antimicrobial use using health facility, prescribing and patient indicators in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities. This will be a multiple cross-sectional study, which will collect data from facilities (22), prescriptions (660), and patients (303). Data will be collected using KoboToolbox v2021, and exported into Microsoft Excel version 2016 for cleaning and coding. Variables will be categorised according to the antimicrobial use indicators. The study will use STATA Version 14 statistical software for data analysis. Subsequently, facilities will be entered into ArcGIS Version 10.7.1 to map hotspots of irrational antimicrobial use. The study will run from October 2024 to June 2025. This study will provide detailed information on frequently used antimicrobials, the cost of antimicrobials relative to medicine budget, the intensity of exposure to antimicrobials, the availability of antimicrobials, patients' understanding of antimicrobials use, and availability of important documents for antimicrobial use. Secondarily, the study will unravel the prevalence of irrational antimicrobial use, the main factors contributing to it, and location where irrational use is most prevalent. These findings will inform the national antimicrobial stewardship action plan, aiming to safeguard the available antimicrobials.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306509
spellingShingle Evans Chimayi Chirambo
Francis Kachidza Chiumia
Dumisani Nkhoma
Collins Mitambo
Sharon Odeo
Patience Khomani
Innocent Chibwe
Simon Matchado
Pacharo Matchere
Beatrice Chiweza
Elled Mwenyekonde
Elizabeth Kampira
Happy Makala
Assessing antimicrobial use patterns in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities: A cross-sectional study protocol.
PLoS ONE
title Assessing antimicrobial use patterns in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities: A cross-sectional study protocol.
title_full Assessing antimicrobial use patterns in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities: A cross-sectional study protocol.
title_fullStr Assessing antimicrobial use patterns in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities: A cross-sectional study protocol.
title_full_unstemmed Assessing antimicrobial use patterns in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities: A cross-sectional study protocol.
title_short Assessing antimicrobial use patterns in Christian Health Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities: A cross-sectional study protocol.
title_sort assessing antimicrobial use patterns in christian health association of malawi cham health facilities a cross sectional study protocol
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306509
work_keys_str_mv AT evanschimayichirambo assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT franciskachidzachiumia assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT dumisaninkhoma assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT collinsmitambo assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT sharonodeo assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT patiencekhomani assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT innocentchibwe assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT simonmatchado assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT pacharomatchere assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT beatricechiweza assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT elledmwenyekonde assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT elizabethkampira assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol
AT happymakala assessingantimicrobialusepatternsinchristianhealthassociationofmalawichamhealthfacilitiesacrosssectionalstudyprotocol