Bilateral atypical ovarian masses: don’t overlook a functional gonadotropic pituitary adenoma
Functional gonadotroph adenoma (FGA) is a rare condition associated with secretion of biologically active gonadotropins which affect reproductive organs. In women of reproductive age, it has been reported as a cause of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) occurring outside the contex...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1597813/full |
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| author | Estelle Hagege Estelle Hagege Geraldine Vitellius Anne Fevre Malorie Mostaert Fabien Litre Olivier Graesslin Paul Pirtea Brigitte Delemer |
| author_facet | Estelle Hagege Estelle Hagege Geraldine Vitellius Anne Fevre Malorie Mostaert Fabien Litre Olivier Graesslin Paul Pirtea Brigitte Delemer |
| author_sort | Estelle Hagege |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Functional gonadotroph adenoma (FGA) is a rare condition associated with secretion of biologically active gonadotropins which affect reproductive organs. In women of reproductive age, it has been reported as a cause of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) occurring outside the context of assisted reproductive technology (ART). In rare instances, FGA may present as suspicious ovarian masses, leading to an overlooked pituitary disorder. We report the case of a 34-year-old woman initially suspected of having a bilateral ovarian tumor with a borderline component due to thick-walled cystic masses. She underwent pelvic surgery, resulting in an oophorectomy. However, a few weeks postoperatively, the sudden onset of galactorrhea prompted further investigation, revealing hyperprolactinemia, FSH hypersecretion, and low LH levels. Ultimately, the diagnosis of FGA was established. A literature review was conducted to analyze similar cases where patients underwent ovarian surgery without prior hormonal assessment or suspicion of pituitary pathology, only to be diagnosed with FGA later. Thirteen additional cases were identified, including ovarian cysts and two cases of suspicious ovarian masses, with diagnostic delays ranging from 1.5 to 10 years. This case highlights the importance of considering FGA in the differential diagnosis of bilateral ovarian masses to avoid unnecessary surgical procedures. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-77a6997bc2ec4015839a4cdae03ad5f9 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-77a6997bc2ec4015839a4cdae03ad5f92025-08-20T02:10:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-06-011610.3389/fendo.2025.15978131597813Bilateral atypical ovarian masses: don’t overlook a functional gonadotropic pituitary adenomaEstelle Hagege0Estelle Hagege1Geraldine Vitellius2Anne Fevre3Malorie Mostaert4Fabien Litre5Olivier Graesslin6Paul Pirtea7Brigitte Delemer8Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Gynecology, Reims University Hospital Center, Reims, FranceDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Reims University Hospital Center, Reims, FranceDepartment of Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Gynecology, Reims University Hospital Center, Reims, FranceDepartment of Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Gynecology, Reims University Hospital Center, Reims, FranceDepartment of Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Gynecology, Reims University Hospital Center, Reims, FranceDepartment of Neurosurgery, Reims University Hospital Center, Reims, FranceDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Reims University Hospital Center, Reims, FranceDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, FranceDepartment of Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Gynecology, Reims University Hospital Center, Reims, FranceFunctional gonadotroph adenoma (FGA) is a rare condition associated with secretion of biologically active gonadotropins which affect reproductive organs. In women of reproductive age, it has been reported as a cause of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) occurring outside the context of assisted reproductive technology (ART). In rare instances, FGA may present as suspicious ovarian masses, leading to an overlooked pituitary disorder. We report the case of a 34-year-old woman initially suspected of having a bilateral ovarian tumor with a borderline component due to thick-walled cystic masses. She underwent pelvic surgery, resulting in an oophorectomy. However, a few weeks postoperatively, the sudden onset of galactorrhea prompted further investigation, revealing hyperprolactinemia, FSH hypersecretion, and low LH levels. Ultimately, the diagnosis of FGA was established. A literature review was conducted to analyze similar cases where patients underwent ovarian surgery without prior hormonal assessment or suspicion of pituitary pathology, only to be diagnosed with FGA later. Thirteen additional cases were identified, including ovarian cysts and two cases of suspicious ovarian masses, with diagnostic delays ranging from 1.5 to 10 years. This case highlights the importance of considering FGA in the differential diagnosis of bilateral ovarian masses to avoid unnecessary surgical procedures.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1597813/fullfunctional gonadotroph adenomapituitary adenomaovarian mass/cystovarian hyperstimulation syndromefollicle-stimulating hormone |
| spellingShingle | Estelle Hagege Estelle Hagege Geraldine Vitellius Anne Fevre Malorie Mostaert Fabien Litre Olivier Graesslin Paul Pirtea Brigitte Delemer Bilateral atypical ovarian masses: don’t overlook a functional gonadotropic pituitary adenoma Frontiers in Endocrinology functional gonadotroph adenoma pituitary adenoma ovarian mass/cyst ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome follicle-stimulating hormone |
| title | Bilateral atypical ovarian masses: don’t overlook a functional gonadotropic pituitary adenoma |
| title_full | Bilateral atypical ovarian masses: don’t overlook a functional gonadotropic pituitary adenoma |
| title_fullStr | Bilateral atypical ovarian masses: don’t overlook a functional gonadotropic pituitary adenoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bilateral atypical ovarian masses: don’t overlook a functional gonadotropic pituitary adenoma |
| title_short | Bilateral atypical ovarian masses: don’t overlook a functional gonadotropic pituitary adenoma |
| title_sort | bilateral atypical ovarian masses don t overlook a functional gonadotropic pituitary adenoma |
| topic | functional gonadotroph adenoma pituitary adenoma ovarian mass/cyst ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome follicle-stimulating hormone |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1597813/full |
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