Performance analysis of fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete at elevated temperatures using response surface methodology
Abstract The increasing risk of fire hazards and the environmental burden of construction and demolition (C&D) waste necessitate sustainable, fire-resistant building materials. This study investigates the potential of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) reinforced with fibers to enhance high-tempe...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94258-w |
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| author | Muhammad Saqib Khan Muhammad Imran Khan Rafiq M. Choudhry Shabir Hussain Khahro Zubair Ahmed Memon |
| author_facet | Muhammad Saqib Khan Muhammad Imran Khan Rafiq M. Choudhry Shabir Hussain Khahro Zubair Ahmed Memon |
| author_sort | Muhammad Saqib Khan |
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| description | Abstract The increasing risk of fire hazards and the environmental burden of construction and demolition (C&D) waste necessitate sustainable, fire-resistant building materials. This study investigates the potential of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) reinforced with fibers to enhance high-temperature performance while promoting waste utilization. In the first phase, concrete mixtures with 0%, 25%, and 50% recycled aggregate (labeled RAC00, RAC25, and RAC50) were evaluated at 23 °C, 300 °C, and 600 °C. RAC00 exhibited a 16% reduction in compressive strength at 300 °C and over 50% at 600 °C. While RAC25 initially showed a 10–30% decrease compared to conventional concrete at room temperature, it exhibited only a 1% strength decline at 300 °C and a 28% reduction at 600 °C, making it the most effective composition for further study. In the second phase, steel fibers (SF) and polypropylene fibers (PPF) were incorporated into RAC25, yielding substantial tensile strength improvements: RAC25-SF increased by 5.6% at 23 °C, 24.8% at 300 °C, and 28.3% at 600 °C. RAC25-PPF showed a 12.5% increase at 23 °C but declined at higher temperatures, with a 9.9% decrease at 300 °C and 32.9% at 600 °C. SF enhanced strength across all temperatures, while PPF reduced performance above 200 °C. Fiber additions improved ductility, toughness, and moisture retention, mitigating crack propagation under heat. Statistical modeling using ANOVA and response surface methodology (RSM) confirmed high model validity (R2 > 0.80). The study concludes that RAC25 with steel fibers offers a sustainable, heat-resistant construction material, addressing both fire resilience and C&D waste challenges. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-778ed38b938d4ea3a4dc020837dc6935 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-778ed38b938d4ea3a4dc020837dc69352025-08-20T02:17:57ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111710.1038/s41598-025-94258-wPerformance analysis of fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete at elevated temperatures using response surface methodologyMuhammad Saqib Khan0Muhammad Imran Khan1Rafiq M. Choudhry2Shabir Hussain Khahro3Zubair Ahmed Memon4National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU)Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU)Department of Engineering Management, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan UniversityDepartment of Engineering Management, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan UniversityAbstract The increasing risk of fire hazards and the environmental burden of construction and demolition (C&D) waste necessitate sustainable, fire-resistant building materials. This study investigates the potential of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) reinforced with fibers to enhance high-temperature performance while promoting waste utilization. In the first phase, concrete mixtures with 0%, 25%, and 50% recycled aggregate (labeled RAC00, RAC25, and RAC50) were evaluated at 23 °C, 300 °C, and 600 °C. RAC00 exhibited a 16% reduction in compressive strength at 300 °C and over 50% at 600 °C. While RAC25 initially showed a 10–30% decrease compared to conventional concrete at room temperature, it exhibited only a 1% strength decline at 300 °C and a 28% reduction at 600 °C, making it the most effective composition for further study. In the second phase, steel fibers (SF) and polypropylene fibers (PPF) were incorporated into RAC25, yielding substantial tensile strength improvements: RAC25-SF increased by 5.6% at 23 °C, 24.8% at 300 °C, and 28.3% at 600 °C. RAC25-PPF showed a 12.5% increase at 23 °C but declined at higher temperatures, with a 9.9% decrease at 300 °C and 32.9% at 600 °C. SF enhanced strength across all temperatures, while PPF reduced performance above 200 °C. Fiber additions improved ductility, toughness, and moisture retention, mitigating crack propagation under heat. Statistical modeling using ANOVA and response surface methodology (RSM) confirmed high model validity (R2 > 0.80). The study concludes that RAC25 with steel fibers offers a sustainable, heat-resistant construction material, addressing both fire resilience and C&D waste challenges.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94258-wSustainable concreteRecycled aggregate concreteElevated temperatureFiber reinforced recycled concreteANOVA analysis |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Saqib Khan Muhammad Imran Khan Rafiq M. Choudhry Shabir Hussain Khahro Zubair Ahmed Memon Performance analysis of fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete at elevated temperatures using response surface methodology Scientific Reports Sustainable concrete Recycled aggregate concrete Elevated temperature Fiber reinforced recycled concrete ANOVA analysis |
| title | Performance analysis of fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete at elevated temperatures using response surface methodology |
| title_full | Performance analysis of fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete at elevated temperatures using response surface methodology |
| title_fullStr | Performance analysis of fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete at elevated temperatures using response surface methodology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance analysis of fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete at elevated temperatures using response surface methodology |
| title_short | Performance analysis of fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete at elevated temperatures using response surface methodology |
| title_sort | performance analysis of fiber reinforced recycled aggregate concrete at elevated temperatures using response surface methodology |
| topic | Sustainable concrete Recycled aggregate concrete Elevated temperature Fiber reinforced recycled concrete ANOVA analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94258-w |
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