Comprehensive molecular characterization of adult H3K27M mutated thalamic glioma long-term survivors

Abstract H3K27-altered diffuse midline gliomas (H3-DMGs) represent aggressive tumors with fatal outcome and exceedingly rare cases have a long-term survival (LTS). We included 5 adult thalamic H3-DMG LTS and 13 short-term survivors (STS), and performed whole exome sequencing, RNA-seq and DNA methyla...

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Main Authors: Hao Xu, Xiaomu Hu, Biyun Wang, Ying Sun, Ye Wang, Qisheng Tang, Qiongji Zhu, Kun Song, Hong Chen, Lingchao Chen, Haixia Cheng, Zhiyong Qin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-06-01
Series:Experimental Hematology & Oncology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-025-00677-w
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author Hao Xu
Xiaomu Hu
Biyun Wang
Ying Sun
Ye Wang
Qisheng Tang
Qiongji Zhu
Kun Song
Hong Chen
Lingchao Chen
Haixia Cheng
Zhiyong Qin
author_facet Hao Xu
Xiaomu Hu
Biyun Wang
Ying Sun
Ye Wang
Qisheng Tang
Qiongji Zhu
Kun Song
Hong Chen
Lingchao Chen
Haixia Cheng
Zhiyong Qin
author_sort Hao Xu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract H3K27-altered diffuse midline gliomas (H3-DMGs) represent aggressive tumors with fatal outcome and exceedingly rare cases have a long-term survival (LTS). We included 5 adult thalamic H3-DMG LTS and 13 short-term survivors (STS), and performed whole exome sequencing, RNA-seq and DNA methylation array. The median overall survival was 48.0 ± 12.1 months for LTS and 12.5 ± 5.9 months for STS. There was no significant difference in clinical characteristics and treatment received between LTS and STS. LTS exhibited more copy number gain and amplification (P = 0.007), and tumor microenvironment analysis revealed increased accumulation of M1 macrophage (P = 0.005) alongside a notable reduction in cancer-associated fibroblast in LTS (P = 0.037). The signatures of LTS and STS were signature 30 (similarity = 76.7%) and signature 6 (81.8%), respectively. Of note, LTS exhibited hypermethylated CpG island (P = 0.002). Additionally, we demonstrated that LTS and STS could be distinguished using differentially methylated probes. Collectively, the present study delineated unique molecular characteristics of LTS H3-DMG.
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spelling doaj-art-7749ba4b04ef4716be75c2e484c3d0e32025-08-20T02:40:15ZengBMCExperimental Hematology & Oncology2162-36192025-06-011411610.1186/s40164-025-00677-wComprehensive molecular characterization of adult H3K27M mutated thalamic glioma long-term survivorsHao Xu0Xiaomu Hu1Biyun Wang2Ying Sun3Ye Wang4Qisheng Tang5Qiongji Zhu6Kun Song7Hong Chen8Lingchao Chen9Haixia Cheng10Zhiyong Qin11Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityGenomiCare Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. LtdDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityAbstract H3K27-altered diffuse midline gliomas (H3-DMGs) represent aggressive tumors with fatal outcome and exceedingly rare cases have a long-term survival (LTS). We included 5 adult thalamic H3-DMG LTS and 13 short-term survivors (STS), and performed whole exome sequencing, RNA-seq and DNA methylation array. The median overall survival was 48.0 ± 12.1 months for LTS and 12.5 ± 5.9 months for STS. There was no significant difference in clinical characteristics and treatment received between LTS and STS. LTS exhibited more copy number gain and amplification (P = 0.007), and tumor microenvironment analysis revealed increased accumulation of M1 macrophage (P = 0.005) alongside a notable reduction in cancer-associated fibroblast in LTS (P = 0.037). The signatures of LTS and STS were signature 30 (similarity = 76.7%) and signature 6 (81.8%), respectively. Of note, LTS exhibited hypermethylated CpG island (P = 0.002). Additionally, we demonstrated that LTS and STS could be distinguished using differentially methylated probes. Collectively, the present study delineated unique molecular characteristics of LTS H3-DMG.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-025-00677-wH3K27-altered diffuse midline gliomaLong-term survivorMutation analysisRNA sequencingDNA methylation array
spellingShingle Hao Xu
Xiaomu Hu
Biyun Wang
Ying Sun
Ye Wang
Qisheng Tang
Qiongji Zhu
Kun Song
Hong Chen
Lingchao Chen
Haixia Cheng
Zhiyong Qin
Comprehensive molecular characterization of adult H3K27M mutated thalamic glioma long-term survivors
Experimental Hematology & Oncology
H3K27-altered diffuse midline glioma
Long-term survivor
Mutation analysis
RNA sequencing
DNA methylation array
title Comprehensive molecular characterization of adult H3K27M mutated thalamic glioma long-term survivors
title_full Comprehensive molecular characterization of adult H3K27M mutated thalamic glioma long-term survivors
title_fullStr Comprehensive molecular characterization of adult H3K27M mutated thalamic glioma long-term survivors
title_full_unstemmed Comprehensive molecular characterization of adult H3K27M mutated thalamic glioma long-term survivors
title_short Comprehensive molecular characterization of adult H3K27M mutated thalamic glioma long-term survivors
title_sort comprehensive molecular characterization of adult h3k27m mutated thalamic glioma long term survivors
topic H3K27-altered diffuse midline glioma
Long-term survivor
Mutation analysis
RNA sequencing
DNA methylation array
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-025-00677-w
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