Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area
Abstract Ambient VOCs in the vicinity of a petrochemical industrial area were analyzed for their health impact and potential emission sources. Comprehensive measurements of VOCs were conducted based on U.S. EPA TO-15. Potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic inhalation risks were evaluated by com...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.210064 |
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| author | Nattaporn Pinthong Sarawut Thepanondh Akira Kondo |
| author_facet | Nattaporn Pinthong Sarawut Thepanondh Akira Kondo |
| author_sort | Nattaporn Pinthong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Ambient VOCs in the vicinity of a petrochemical industrial area were analyzed for their health impact and potential emission sources. Comprehensive measurements of VOCs were conducted based on U.S. EPA TO-15. Potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic inhalation risks were evaluated by comparing the measured concentrations with the inhalation unit risk (IUR) and reference concentration (RfC). The results indicated that a high carcinogenic risk occurred from 1,2 dibromoethane and benzene, while non-carcinogenic risks were attributed to 1,3 butadiene, 1,1,2 trichloroethane, and 3-chloropropene. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Version 5.0 was further utilized to estimate the contribution of specific sources to the VOC mixing ratio. The results revealed that the average VOC concentration in the community area was dominated by aromatic hydrocarbons, with toluene having the highest concentration. Vehicle exhaust was evaluated as the most contributing emission source of the VOC mixing ratio, followed by industrial processes. Specific VOC ratios were also applied to identify VOC sources. The T/B ratio was within the range 3.54–5.15, confirming that vehicle emissions were the main source of pollutants during the entire investigated period in the community area. As for the industrial area, the average VOC concentration was dominated by alkenes. Industrial processes and the petrochemical industry were the major sources of VOCs. The health risk assessment in the industrial area indicated that acrolein had the highest risk for non-carcinogens. 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,3-butadiene showed high potential as carcinogens. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-77090d6fee0349659657a82caba454d4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-77090d6fee0349659657a82caba454d42025-02-09T12:18:40ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092022-01-0122211810.4209/aaqr.210064Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial AreaNattaporn Pinthong0Sarawut Thepanondh1Akira Kondo2Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol UniversityDepartment of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol UniversityGraduate School of Engineering, Osaka UniversityAbstract Ambient VOCs in the vicinity of a petrochemical industrial area were analyzed for their health impact and potential emission sources. Comprehensive measurements of VOCs were conducted based on U.S. EPA TO-15. Potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic inhalation risks were evaluated by comparing the measured concentrations with the inhalation unit risk (IUR) and reference concentration (RfC). The results indicated that a high carcinogenic risk occurred from 1,2 dibromoethane and benzene, while non-carcinogenic risks were attributed to 1,3 butadiene, 1,1,2 trichloroethane, and 3-chloropropene. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Version 5.0 was further utilized to estimate the contribution of specific sources to the VOC mixing ratio. The results revealed that the average VOC concentration in the community area was dominated by aromatic hydrocarbons, with toluene having the highest concentration. Vehicle exhaust was evaluated as the most contributing emission source of the VOC mixing ratio, followed by industrial processes. Specific VOC ratios were also applied to identify VOC sources. The T/B ratio was within the range 3.54–5.15, confirming that vehicle emissions were the main source of pollutants during the entire investigated period in the community area. As for the industrial area, the average VOC concentration was dominated by alkenes. Industrial processes and the petrochemical industry were the major sources of VOCs. The health risk assessment in the industrial area indicated that acrolein had the highest risk for non-carcinogens. 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,3-butadiene showed high potential as carcinogens.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.210064Diagnostic ratioHealth risk assessmentMap Ta PhutSource apportionmentVolatile organic compound (VOCs) |
| spellingShingle | Nattaporn Pinthong Sarawut Thepanondh Akira Kondo Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area Aerosol and Air Quality Research Diagnostic ratio Health risk assessment Map Ta Phut Source apportionment Volatile organic compound (VOCs) |
| title | Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area |
| title_full | Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area |
| title_fullStr | Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area |
| title_full_unstemmed | Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area |
| title_short | Source Identification of VOCs and their Environmental Health Risk in a Petrochemical Industrial Area |
| title_sort | source identification of vocs and their environmental health risk in a petrochemical industrial area |
| topic | Diagnostic ratio Health risk assessment Map Ta Phut Source apportionment Volatile organic compound (VOCs) |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.210064 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nattapornpinthong sourceidentificationofvocsandtheirenvironmentalhealthriskinapetrochemicalindustrialarea AT sarawutthepanondh sourceidentificationofvocsandtheirenvironmentalhealthriskinapetrochemicalindustrialarea AT akirakondo sourceidentificationofvocsandtheirenvironmentalhealthriskinapetrochemicalindustrialarea |