Group A Streptococcus secreted esterase hydrolyzes platelet-activating factor to impede neutrophil recruitment and facilitate innate immune evasion.

The innate immune system is the first line of host defense against invading organisms. Thus, pathogens have developed virulence mechanisms to evade the innate immune system. Here, we report a novel means for inhibition of neutrophil recruitment by Group A Streptococcus (GAS). Deletion of the secrete...

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Main Authors: Mengyao Liu, Hui Zhu, Jinquan Li, Cristiana C Garcia, Wenchao Feng, Liliya N Kirpotina, Jonathan Hilmer, Luciana P Tavares, Arthur W Layton, Mark T Quinn, Brian Bothner, Mauro M Teixeira, Benfang Lei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012-01-01
Series:PLoS Pathogens
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1002624&type=printable
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author Mengyao Liu
Hui Zhu
Jinquan Li
Cristiana C Garcia
Wenchao Feng
Liliya N Kirpotina
Jonathan Hilmer
Luciana P Tavares
Arthur W Layton
Mark T Quinn
Brian Bothner
Mauro M Teixeira
Benfang Lei
author_facet Mengyao Liu
Hui Zhu
Jinquan Li
Cristiana C Garcia
Wenchao Feng
Liliya N Kirpotina
Jonathan Hilmer
Luciana P Tavares
Arthur W Layton
Mark T Quinn
Brian Bothner
Mauro M Teixeira
Benfang Lei
author_sort Mengyao Liu
collection DOAJ
description The innate immune system is the first line of host defense against invading organisms. Thus, pathogens have developed virulence mechanisms to evade the innate immune system. Here, we report a novel means for inhibition of neutrophil recruitment by Group A Streptococcus (GAS). Deletion of the secreted esterase gene (designated sse) in M1T1 GAS strains with (MGAS5005) and without (MGAS2221) a null covS mutation enhances neutrophil ingress to infection sites in the skin of mice. In trans expression of SsE in MGAS2221 reduces neutrophil recruitment and enhances skin invasion. The sse deletion mutant of MGAS5005 (Δsse(MGAS5005)) is more efficiently cleared from skin than the parent strain. SsE hydrolyzes the sn-2 ester bond of platelet-activating factor (PAF), converting biologically active PAF into inactive lyso-PAF. K(M) and k(cat) of SsE for hydrolysis of 2-thio-PAF were similar to those of the human plasma PAF acetylhydrolase. Treatment of PAF with SsE abolishes the capacity of PAF to induce activation and chemotaxis of human neutrophils. More importantly, PAF receptor-deficient mice significantly reduce neutrophil infiltration to the site of Δsse(MGAS5005) infection. These findings identify the first secreted PAF acetylhydrolase of bacterial pathogens and support a novel GAS evasion mechanism that reduces phagocyte recruitment to sites of infection by inactivating PAF, providing a new paradigm for bacterial evasion of neutrophil responses.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1553-7366
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publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
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spelling doaj-art-76e8c2cf16ef4a73b8f2efef861170042025-08-20T03:25:04ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742012-01-0184e100262410.1371/journal.ppat.1002624Group A Streptococcus secreted esterase hydrolyzes platelet-activating factor to impede neutrophil recruitment and facilitate innate immune evasion.Mengyao LiuHui ZhuJinquan LiCristiana C GarciaWenchao FengLiliya N KirpotinaJonathan HilmerLuciana P TavaresArthur W LaytonMark T QuinnBrian BothnerMauro M TeixeiraBenfang LeiThe innate immune system is the first line of host defense against invading organisms. Thus, pathogens have developed virulence mechanisms to evade the innate immune system. Here, we report a novel means for inhibition of neutrophil recruitment by Group A Streptococcus (GAS). Deletion of the secreted esterase gene (designated sse) in M1T1 GAS strains with (MGAS5005) and without (MGAS2221) a null covS mutation enhances neutrophil ingress to infection sites in the skin of mice. In trans expression of SsE in MGAS2221 reduces neutrophil recruitment and enhances skin invasion. The sse deletion mutant of MGAS5005 (Δsse(MGAS5005)) is more efficiently cleared from skin than the parent strain. SsE hydrolyzes the sn-2 ester bond of platelet-activating factor (PAF), converting biologically active PAF into inactive lyso-PAF. K(M) and k(cat) of SsE for hydrolysis of 2-thio-PAF were similar to those of the human plasma PAF acetylhydrolase. Treatment of PAF with SsE abolishes the capacity of PAF to induce activation and chemotaxis of human neutrophils. More importantly, PAF receptor-deficient mice significantly reduce neutrophil infiltration to the site of Δsse(MGAS5005) infection. These findings identify the first secreted PAF acetylhydrolase of bacterial pathogens and support a novel GAS evasion mechanism that reduces phagocyte recruitment to sites of infection by inactivating PAF, providing a new paradigm for bacterial evasion of neutrophil responses.https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1002624&type=printable
spellingShingle Mengyao Liu
Hui Zhu
Jinquan Li
Cristiana C Garcia
Wenchao Feng
Liliya N Kirpotina
Jonathan Hilmer
Luciana P Tavares
Arthur W Layton
Mark T Quinn
Brian Bothner
Mauro M Teixeira
Benfang Lei
Group A Streptococcus secreted esterase hydrolyzes platelet-activating factor to impede neutrophil recruitment and facilitate innate immune evasion.
PLoS Pathogens
title Group A Streptococcus secreted esterase hydrolyzes platelet-activating factor to impede neutrophil recruitment and facilitate innate immune evasion.
title_full Group A Streptococcus secreted esterase hydrolyzes platelet-activating factor to impede neutrophil recruitment and facilitate innate immune evasion.
title_fullStr Group A Streptococcus secreted esterase hydrolyzes platelet-activating factor to impede neutrophil recruitment and facilitate innate immune evasion.
title_full_unstemmed Group A Streptococcus secreted esterase hydrolyzes platelet-activating factor to impede neutrophil recruitment and facilitate innate immune evasion.
title_short Group A Streptococcus secreted esterase hydrolyzes platelet-activating factor to impede neutrophil recruitment and facilitate innate immune evasion.
title_sort group a streptococcus secreted esterase hydrolyzes platelet activating factor to impede neutrophil recruitment and facilitate innate immune evasion
url https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1002624&type=printable
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