Engineering extracellular matrix-based hydrogels for intervertebral disc regeneration

Lower back pain (LBP) is a major health concern, especially in older adults. A key aetiological factor is intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. It is mediated by dysregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and inflammation. In recent years, regenerative therapies have garnered attention for their...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mwafaq Kmail, Rusydi Razak, Isma Liza Mohd Isa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1601154/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849315989504655360
author Mwafaq Kmail
Rusydi Razak
Isma Liza Mohd Isa
Isma Liza Mohd Isa
author_facet Mwafaq Kmail
Rusydi Razak
Isma Liza Mohd Isa
Isma Liza Mohd Isa
author_sort Mwafaq Kmail
collection DOAJ
description Lower back pain (LBP) is a major health concern, especially in older adults. A key aetiological factor is intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. It is mediated by dysregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and inflammation. In recent years, regenerative therapies have garnered attention for their potential to restore disc function by addressing the underlying biological alterations within the IVD. This review focuses on the comprehensive understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the IVD, highlighting its life cycle from embryonic development, and maturation to degenerative phenotype. We describe current treatments for managing LBP caused by IVD degeneration. This review emphasizes on the recent advancements in hydrogel engineering, highlighting natural, synthetic, and composite hydrogels and their application in ECM-targeted regenerative therapy for IVD degeneration. By exploring innovations in hydrogel technology, including improvements in crosslinking techniques and controlled degradation rates—we discuss how these materials could enhance IVD regeneration and potentially be used for the management of LBP. With their enhanced biomimicry, hydrogel-based ECM mimics offer a promising pathway for developing effective, durable therapies that address the root causes of disc degeneration, providing new hope for individuals living with chronic LBP.
format Article
id doaj-art-76d52bbd617247c78baf21db856a72fe
institution Kabale University
issn 2296-4185
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
spelling doaj-art-76d52bbd617247c78baf21db856a72fe2025-08-20T03:51:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852025-05-011310.3389/fbioe.2025.16011541601154Engineering extracellular matrix-based hydrogels for intervertebral disc regenerationMwafaq Kmail0Rusydi Razak1Isma Liza Mohd Isa2Isma Liza Mohd Isa3Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaCÚRAM Research Ireland Centre for Medical Devices, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, IrelandLower back pain (LBP) is a major health concern, especially in older adults. A key aetiological factor is intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. It is mediated by dysregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and inflammation. In recent years, regenerative therapies have garnered attention for their potential to restore disc function by addressing the underlying biological alterations within the IVD. This review focuses on the comprehensive understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the IVD, highlighting its life cycle from embryonic development, and maturation to degenerative phenotype. We describe current treatments for managing LBP caused by IVD degeneration. This review emphasizes on the recent advancements in hydrogel engineering, highlighting natural, synthetic, and composite hydrogels and their application in ECM-targeted regenerative therapy for IVD degeneration. By exploring innovations in hydrogel technology, including improvements in crosslinking techniques and controlled degradation rates—we discuss how these materials could enhance IVD regeneration and potentially be used for the management of LBP. With their enhanced biomimicry, hydrogel-based ECM mimics offer a promising pathway for developing effective, durable therapies that address the root causes of disc degeneration, providing new hope for individuals living with chronic LBP.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1601154/fullintervertebral disc degenerationlower back painhydrogelextracellular matrixbiomaterials
spellingShingle Mwafaq Kmail
Rusydi Razak
Isma Liza Mohd Isa
Isma Liza Mohd Isa
Engineering extracellular matrix-based hydrogels for intervertebral disc regeneration
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
intervertebral disc degeneration
lower back pain
hydrogel
extracellular matrix
biomaterials
title Engineering extracellular matrix-based hydrogels for intervertebral disc regeneration
title_full Engineering extracellular matrix-based hydrogels for intervertebral disc regeneration
title_fullStr Engineering extracellular matrix-based hydrogels for intervertebral disc regeneration
title_full_unstemmed Engineering extracellular matrix-based hydrogels for intervertebral disc regeneration
title_short Engineering extracellular matrix-based hydrogels for intervertebral disc regeneration
title_sort engineering extracellular matrix based hydrogels for intervertebral disc regeneration
topic intervertebral disc degeneration
lower back pain
hydrogel
extracellular matrix
biomaterials
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1601154/full
work_keys_str_mv AT mwafaqkmail engineeringextracellularmatrixbasedhydrogelsforintervertebraldiscregeneration
AT rusydirazak engineeringextracellularmatrixbasedhydrogelsforintervertebraldiscregeneration
AT ismalizamohdisa engineeringextracellularmatrixbasedhydrogelsforintervertebraldiscregeneration
AT ismalizamohdisa engineeringextracellularmatrixbasedhydrogelsforintervertebraldiscregeneration