The blood pressure lowering effect of beetroot juice is impaired in periodontitis and recovered after periodontal treatment
Abstract We have previously demonstrated that subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria, as well as the in vitro salivary nitrate reduction capacity (NRC), were diminished in periodontitis patients, increasing after periodontal treatment. However, it remains unclear if an impaired NRC in perio...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Series: | npj Biofilms and Microbiomes |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00622-5 |
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| author | Nydia Y. Sanchez-Orozco Bob T. Rosier Alondra Ruiz-Gutierrez Fabiola Marquez-Sandoval Alejandro Artacho Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar Alex Mira |
| author_facet | Nydia Y. Sanchez-Orozco Bob T. Rosier Alondra Ruiz-Gutierrez Fabiola Marquez-Sandoval Alejandro Artacho Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar Alex Mira |
| author_sort | Nydia Y. Sanchez-Orozco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We have previously demonstrated that subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria, as well as the in vitro salivary nitrate reduction capacity (NRC), were diminished in periodontitis patients, increasing after periodontal treatment. However, it remains unclear if an impaired NRC in periodontitis can affect systemic health. To determine this, the effect of nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BRJ) on blood pressure was determined in 15 periodontitis patients before and 70 days after periodontal treatment (i.e., professional mechanical plaque removal, oral hygiene instruction, and subgingival instrumentation), as well as in a healthy control group of 15 individuals. Additionally, subgingival and tongue samples were taken to analyse the bacterial composition with Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In healthy individuals, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DPB) decreased significantly (both P < 0.01) 90 min after BRJ intake, but not in periodontitis patients. However, after periodontal treatment, this blood pressure-lowering effect was recovered (P < 0.05 for SBP; P < 0.01 for DBP). Lower levels of salivary nitrate after identical doses of BRJ intake indicated a potentially higher NRC in healthy individuals (P < 0.05). Periodontitis-associated bacteria decreased in tongue and subgingival samples after periodontal treatment (P < 0.01). In contrast, nitrate-reducing bacteria were associated with health in both habitats, but increased only in subgingival plaque after periodontal treatment (P < 0.001). This is the first study showing that periodontitis could limit the blood-pressure lowering effects of nitrate reduction by the oral microbiota. We propose that an impaired NRC represents a potential link between periodontitis and systemic conditions, which should be confirmed in future randomized controlled trials. Future work should also aim to determine if nitrate prebiotic supplementation and/or tongue cleaning could improve the treatment of periodontitis and its associated comorbidities. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-76a486317ab647afaba7977caa3a5248 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2055-5008 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | npj Biofilms and Microbiomes |
| spelling | doaj-art-76a486317ab647afaba7977caa3a52482025-01-12T12:10:03ZengNature Portfolionpj Biofilms and Microbiomes2055-50082025-01-0111111310.1038/s41522-024-00622-5The blood pressure lowering effect of beetroot juice is impaired in periodontitis and recovered after periodontal treatmentNydia Y. Sanchez-Orozco0Bob T. Rosier1Alondra Ruiz-Gutierrez2Fabiola Marquez-Sandoval3Alejandro Artacho4Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar5Alex Mira6PhD Program in Translational Nutrition Sciences, Department of Human Reproduction, Child Growth and Development, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara (UdeG)Department of Health and Genomics, FISABIO FoundationSpecialty of Periodontics, Department of Integral Dental Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara (UdeG)PhD Program in Translational Nutrition Sciences, Department of Human Reproduction, Child Growth and Development, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara (UdeG)Department of Health and Genomics, FISABIO FoundationPhD Program in Translational Nutrition Sciences, Department of Human Reproduction, Child Growth and Development, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara (UdeG)Department of Health and Genomics, FISABIO FoundationAbstract We have previously demonstrated that subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria, as well as the in vitro salivary nitrate reduction capacity (NRC), were diminished in periodontitis patients, increasing after periodontal treatment. However, it remains unclear if an impaired NRC in periodontitis can affect systemic health. To determine this, the effect of nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BRJ) on blood pressure was determined in 15 periodontitis patients before and 70 days after periodontal treatment (i.e., professional mechanical plaque removal, oral hygiene instruction, and subgingival instrumentation), as well as in a healthy control group of 15 individuals. Additionally, subgingival and tongue samples were taken to analyse the bacterial composition with Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In healthy individuals, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DPB) decreased significantly (both P < 0.01) 90 min after BRJ intake, but not in periodontitis patients. However, after periodontal treatment, this blood pressure-lowering effect was recovered (P < 0.05 for SBP; P < 0.01 for DBP). Lower levels of salivary nitrate after identical doses of BRJ intake indicated a potentially higher NRC in healthy individuals (P < 0.05). Periodontitis-associated bacteria decreased in tongue and subgingival samples after periodontal treatment (P < 0.01). In contrast, nitrate-reducing bacteria were associated with health in both habitats, but increased only in subgingival plaque after periodontal treatment (P < 0.001). This is the first study showing that periodontitis could limit the blood-pressure lowering effects of nitrate reduction by the oral microbiota. We propose that an impaired NRC represents a potential link between periodontitis and systemic conditions, which should be confirmed in future randomized controlled trials. Future work should also aim to determine if nitrate prebiotic supplementation and/or tongue cleaning could improve the treatment of periodontitis and its associated comorbidities.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00622-5 |
| spellingShingle | Nydia Y. Sanchez-Orozco Bob T. Rosier Alondra Ruiz-Gutierrez Fabiola Marquez-Sandoval Alejandro Artacho Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar Alex Mira The blood pressure lowering effect of beetroot juice is impaired in periodontitis and recovered after periodontal treatment npj Biofilms and Microbiomes |
| title | The blood pressure lowering effect of beetroot juice is impaired in periodontitis and recovered after periodontal treatment |
| title_full | The blood pressure lowering effect of beetroot juice is impaired in periodontitis and recovered after periodontal treatment |
| title_fullStr | The blood pressure lowering effect of beetroot juice is impaired in periodontitis and recovered after periodontal treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | The blood pressure lowering effect of beetroot juice is impaired in periodontitis and recovered after periodontal treatment |
| title_short | The blood pressure lowering effect of beetroot juice is impaired in periodontitis and recovered after periodontal treatment |
| title_sort | blood pressure lowering effect of beetroot juice is impaired in periodontitis and recovered after periodontal treatment |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00622-5 |
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