High dose of vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored Ebola virus vaccine causes vesicular disease in swine without horizontal transmission
The recent impact of Ebola virus disease (EVD) on public health in Africa clearly demonstrates the need for a safe and efficacious vaccine to control outbreaks and mitigate its threat to global health. ERVEBO® is an effective recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV)-vectored Ebola virus vaccine...
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| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2021.1903343 |
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| author | Igor Morozov Thomas P. Monath David A. Meekins Jessie D. Trujillo Sun-Young Sunwoo Kinga Urbaniak In Joong Kim Sanjeev K. Narayanan Sabarish V. Indran Wenjun Ma William C. Wilson Cassandra O'Connor Sheri Dubey Sean P. Troth Beth-Ann Coller Richard Nichols Brian K. Martin Heinz Feldmann Juergen A. Richt |
| author_facet | Igor Morozov Thomas P. Monath David A. Meekins Jessie D. Trujillo Sun-Young Sunwoo Kinga Urbaniak In Joong Kim Sanjeev K. Narayanan Sabarish V. Indran Wenjun Ma William C. Wilson Cassandra O'Connor Sheri Dubey Sean P. Troth Beth-Ann Coller Richard Nichols Brian K. Martin Heinz Feldmann Juergen A. Richt |
| author_sort | Igor Morozov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The recent impact of Ebola virus disease (EVD) on public health in Africa clearly demonstrates the need for a safe and efficacious vaccine to control outbreaks and mitigate its threat to global health. ERVEBO® is an effective recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV)-vectored Ebola virus vaccine (VSV-EBOV) that was approved by the FDA and EMA in late 2019 for use in prevention of EVD. Since the parental virus VSV, which was used to construct VSV-EBOV, is pathogenic for livestock and the vaccine virus may be shed at low levels by vaccinated humans, widespread deployment of the vaccine requires investigation into its infectivity and transmissibility in VSV-susceptible livestock species. We therefore performed a comprehensive clinical analysis of the VSV-EBOV vaccine virus in swine to determine its infectivity and potential for transmission. A high dose of VSV-EBOV resulted in VSV-like clinical signs in swine, with a proportion of pigs developing ulcerative vesicular lesions at the nasal injection site and feet. Uninoculated contact control pigs co-mingled with VSV-EBOV-inoculated pigs did not become infected or display any clinical signs of disease, indicating the vaccine is not readily transmissible to naïve pigs during prolonged close contact. In contrast, virulent wild-type VSV Indiana had a shorter incubation period and was transmitted to contact control pigs. These results indicate that the VSV-EBOV vaccine causes vesicular illness in swine when administered at a high dose. Moreover, the study demonstrates the VSV-EBOV vaccine is not readily transmitted to uninfected pigs, encouraging its safe use as an effective human vaccine. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-76a36bca1a3948bfb5561339b098a75b |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2222-1751 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| spelling | doaj-art-76a36bca1a3948bfb5561339b098a75b2025-08-20T02:59:11ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEmerging Microbes and Infections2222-17512021-01-0110165166310.1080/22221751.2021.1903343High dose of vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored Ebola virus vaccine causes vesicular disease in swine without horizontal transmissionIgor Morozov0Thomas P. Monath1David A. Meekins2Jessie D. Trujillo3Sun-Young Sunwoo4Kinga Urbaniak5In Joong Kim6Sanjeev K. Narayanan7Sabarish V. Indran8Wenjun Ma9William C. Wilson10Cassandra O'Connor11Sheri Dubey12Sean P. Troth13Beth-Ann Coller14Richard Nichols15Brian K. Martin16Heinz Feldmann17Juergen A. Richt18Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USABioprotection Systems, Inc, a subsidiary of NewLink Genetics Corp, Ames, IA, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USACenter for Grain and Animal Health Research, Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS, USABattelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH, USAMerck & Co, Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USAMerck & Co, Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USAMerck & Co, Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USABioprotection Systems, Inc, a subsidiary of NewLink Genetics Corp, Ames, IA, USABioprotection Systems, Inc, a subsidiary of NewLink Genetics Corp, Ames, IA, USALaboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Center of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases (CEEZAD), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USAThe recent impact of Ebola virus disease (EVD) on public health in Africa clearly demonstrates the need for a safe and efficacious vaccine to control outbreaks and mitigate its threat to global health. ERVEBO® is an effective recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV)-vectored Ebola virus vaccine (VSV-EBOV) that was approved by the FDA and EMA in late 2019 for use in prevention of EVD. Since the parental virus VSV, which was used to construct VSV-EBOV, is pathogenic for livestock and the vaccine virus may be shed at low levels by vaccinated humans, widespread deployment of the vaccine requires investigation into its infectivity and transmissibility in VSV-susceptible livestock species. We therefore performed a comprehensive clinical analysis of the VSV-EBOV vaccine virus in swine to determine its infectivity and potential for transmission. A high dose of VSV-EBOV resulted in VSV-like clinical signs in swine, with a proportion of pigs developing ulcerative vesicular lesions at the nasal injection site and feet. Uninoculated contact control pigs co-mingled with VSV-EBOV-inoculated pigs did not become infected or display any clinical signs of disease, indicating the vaccine is not readily transmissible to naïve pigs during prolonged close contact. In contrast, virulent wild-type VSV Indiana had a shorter incubation period and was transmitted to contact control pigs. These results indicate that the VSV-EBOV vaccine causes vesicular illness in swine when administered at a high dose. Moreover, the study demonstrates the VSV-EBOV vaccine is not readily transmitted to uninfected pigs, encouraging its safe use as an effective human vaccine.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2021.1903343Ebola virus diseaseVSVvirus-vectored vaccinesafety studyswine |
| spellingShingle | Igor Morozov Thomas P. Monath David A. Meekins Jessie D. Trujillo Sun-Young Sunwoo Kinga Urbaniak In Joong Kim Sanjeev K. Narayanan Sabarish V. Indran Wenjun Ma William C. Wilson Cassandra O'Connor Sheri Dubey Sean P. Troth Beth-Ann Coller Richard Nichols Brian K. Martin Heinz Feldmann Juergen A. Richt High dose of vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored Ebola virus vaccine causes vesicular disease in swine without horizontal transmission Emerging Microbes and Infections Ebola virus disease VSV virus-vectored vaccine safety study swine |
| title | High dose of vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored Ebola virus vaccine causes vesicular disease in swine without horizontal transmission |
| title_full | High dose of vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored Ebola virus vaccine causes vesicular disease in swine without horizontal transmission |
| title_fullStr | High dose of vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored Ebola virus vaccine causes vesicular disease in swine without horizontal transmission |
| title_full_unstemmed | High dose of vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored Ebola virus vaccine causes vesicular disease in swine without horizontal transmission |
| title_short | High dose of vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored Ebola virus vaccine causes vesicular disease in swine without horizontal transmission |
| title_sort | high dose of vesicular stomatitis virus vectored ebola virus vaccine causes vesicular disease in swine without horizontal transmission |
| topic | Ebola virus disease VSV virus-vectored vaccine safety study swine |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2021.1903343 |
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