The effects of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory function of remimazolam: an experimental study in rats
Abstract This study investigated the impact of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory effects of remimazolam in a rat model. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into plain and plateau groups, with the plateau group exposed to a simulated altitude of 5,0...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09447-4 |
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| author | Qingbin Chen Li Deng Zhen Jia |
| author_facet | Qingbin Chen Li Deng Zhen Jia |
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| description | Abstract This study investigated the impact of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory effects of remimazolam in a rat model. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into plain and plateau groups, with the plateau group exposed to a simulated altitude of 5,000 m for 72 h prior to drug administration. Pharmacokinetic parameters, respiratory function, and safety profiles were evaluated following intravenous administration of remimazolam. Results showed that high-altitude exposure significantly altered remimazolam pharmacokinetics, with increased maximum plasma concentration (1368.2 ± 227.5 vs. 1025.6 ± 184.3 ng/mL), prolonged elimination half-life (63.5 ± 10.4 vs. 48.6 ± 8.2 min), and reduced clearance (0.89 ± 0.16 vs. 1.26 ± 0.24 L/h/kg) in the plateau group compared to the plain group. The plateau group also exhibited more pronounced respiratory depression, with greater decreases in PaO₂ and oxygen saturation, and higher incidence of adverse reactions. These findings suggest that high-altitude hypoxic environment significantly impacts remimazolam pharmacokinetics and respiratory effects, necessitating careful dose adjustment and monitoring in high-altitude clinical settings. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-76984dfcd0164d1eb7fd59263aae3c80 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-76984dfcd0164d1eb7fd59263aae3c802025-08-20T03:05:17ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-011511810.1038/s41598-025-09447-4The effects of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory function of remimazolam: an experimental study in ratsQingbin Chen0Li Deng1Zhen Jia2Department of Surgical Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai UniversityDepartment of Surgical Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai UniversityDepartment of Surgical Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai UniversityAbstract This study investigated the impact of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory effects of remimazolam in a rat model. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into plain and plateau groups, with the plateau group exposed to a simulated altitude of 5,000 m for 72 h prior to drug administration. Pharmacokinetic parameters, respiratory function, and safety profiles were evaluated following intravenous administration of remimazolam. Results showed that high-altitude exposure significantly altered remimazolam pharmacokinetics, with increased maximum plasma concentration (1368.2 ± 227.5 vs. 1025.6 ± 184.3 ng/mL), prolonged elimination half-life (63.5 ± 10.4 vs. 48.6 ± 8.2 min), and reduced clearance (0.89 ± 0.16 vs. 1.26 ± 0.24 L/h/kg) in the plateau group compared to the plain group. The plateau group also exhibited more pronounced respiratory depression, with greater decreases in PaO₂ and oxygen saturation, and higher incidence of adverse reactions. These findings suggest that high-altitude hypoxic environment significantly impacts remimazolam pharmacokinetics and respiratory effects, necessitating careful dose adjustment and monitoring in high-altitude clinical settings.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09447-4RemimazolamHigh-altitude hypoxiaPharmacokineticsRespiratory functionDrug metabolismSedation |
| spellingShingle | Qingbin Chen Li Deng Zhen Jia The effects of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory function of remimazolam: an experimental study in rats Scientific Reports Remimazolam High-altitude hypoxia Pharmacokinetics Respiratory function Drug metabolism Sedation |
| title | The effects of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory function of remimazolam: an experimental study in rats |
| title_full | The effects of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory function of remimazolam: an experimental study in rats |
| title_fullStr | The effects of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory function of remimazolam: an experimental study in rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory function of remimazolam: an experimental study in rats |
| title_short | The effects of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory function of remimazolam: an experimental study in rats |
| title_sort | effects of high altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory function of remimazolam an experimental study in rats |
| topic | Remimazolam High-altitude hypoxia Pharmacokinetics Respiratory function Drug metabolism Sedation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09447-4 |
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