Characterization of the Sodium Multi-Vitamin Transporter in the Mosquito <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> and Its Capacity to Mobilize Pantothenate and Biotin
Pantothenate (Pan), or vitamin B5, is essential for the synthesis of co-enzyme A (CoA), acetyl-CoA, and numerous downstream physiological processes. We previously demonstrated that Pan is not only essential for mosquito survival, but also for the development of malaria parasites within the mosquito,...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Jun Isoe Brendan F. Riske Megan E. Dobson Hannah L. Kaylor Jessica C. Brady Yared Debebe Laura M. Saavedra Shirley Luckhart Michael A. Riehle |
| author_facet | Jun Isoe Brendan F. Riske Megan E. Dobson Hannah L. Kaylor Jessica C. Brady Yared Debebe Laura M. Saavedra Shirley Luckhart Michael A. Riehle |
| author_sort | Jun Isoe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pantothenate (Pan), or vitamin B5, is essential for the synthesis of co-enzyme A (CoA), acetyl-CoA, and numerous downstream physiological processes. We previously demonstrated that Pan is not only essential for mosquito survival, but also for the development of malaria parasites within the mosquito, suggesting that targeting Pan and CoA biosynthesis may be a novel approach for malaria control. However, little is known about how Pan is acquired and mobilized within the mosquito. In this work, we examined Pan levels in the important human malaria vector <i>Anopheles stephensi</i>, including the abundance of Pan during immature development and adulthood. We also assessed the distribution of Pan in various adult tissues and examined the impact of provisioning Pan to the mosquito via a sugar or blood meal on mosquito survival and reproduction. Furthermore, we examined how Pan was mobilized in the mosquito via a putative Pan transporter, the <i>A. stephensi</i> sodium multi-vitamin transporter. We demonstrated that this transporter is capable of mobilizing both Pan and biotin (vitamin B7) in a dose dependent manner. We also assessed the distribution of <i>A. stephensi</i> sodium multi-vitamin transporter in the mosquito and its capacity to transport vitamins. This work establishes the basic physiology of Pan uptake and mobilization in the mosquito, providing essential information for Pan based malaria control strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-76738d441e0242a1aa57f30b41a4fd0c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-76738d441e0242a1aa57f30b41a4fd0c2025-01-24T13:25:01ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2025-01-011515910.3390/biom15010059Characterization of the Sodium Multi-Vitamin Transporter in the Mosquito <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> and Its Capacity to Mobilize Pantothenate and BiotinJun Isoe0Brendan F. Riske1Megan E. Dobson2Hannah L. Kaylor3Jessica C. Brady4Yared Debebe5Laura M. Saavedra6Shirley Luckhart7Michael A. Riehle8Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USADepartment of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USADepartment of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USADepartment of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USADepartment of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAPantothenate (Pan), or vitamin B5, is essential for the synthesis of co-enzyme A (CoA), acetyl-CoA, and numerous downstream physiological processes. We previously demonstrated that Pan is not only essential for mosquito survival, but also for the development of malaria parasites within the mosquito, suggesting that targeting Pan and CoA biosynthesis may be a novel approach for malaria control. However, little is known about how Pan is acquired and mobilized within the mosquito. In this work, we examined Pan levels in the important human malaria vector <i>Anopheles stephensi</i>, including the abundance of Pan during immature development and adulthood. We also assessed the distribution of Pan in various adult tissues and examined the impact of provisioning Pan to the mosquito via a sugar or blood meal on mosquito survival and reproduction. Furthermore, we examined how Pan was mobilized in the mosquito via a putative Pan transporter, the <i>A. stephensi</i> sodium multi-vitamin transporter. We demonstrated that this transporter is capable of mobilizing both Pan and biotin (vitamin B7) in a dose dependent manner. We also assessed the distribution of <i>A. stephensi</i> sodium multi-vitamin transporter in the mosquito and its capacity to transport vitamins. This work establishes the basic physiology of Pan uptake and mobilization in the mosquito, providing essential information for Pan based malaria control strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/59SMVTtransport<i>Anopheles stephensi</i>vitamin B5vitamin B7pantothenate |
| spellingShingle | Jun Isoe Brendan F. Riske Megan E. Dobson Hannah L. Kaylor Jessica C. Brady Yared Debebe Laura M. Saavedra Shirley Luckhart Michael A. Riehle Characterization of the Sodium Multi-Vitamin Transporter in the Mosquito <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> and Its Capacity to Mobilize Pantothenate and Biotin Biomolecules SMVT transport <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> vitamin B5 vitamin B7 pantothenate |
| title | Characterization of the Sodium Multi-Vitamin Transporter in the Mosquito <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> and Its Capacity to Mobilize Pantothenate and Biotin |
| title_full | Characterization of the Sodium Multi-Vitamin Transporter in the Mosquito <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> and Its Capacity to Mobilize Pantothenate and Biotin |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of the Sodium Multi-Vitamin Transporter in the Mosquito <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> and Its Capacity to Mobilize Pantothenate and Biotin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of the Sodium Multi-Vitamin Transporter in the Mosquito <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> and Its Capacity to Mobilize Pantothenate and Biotin |
| title_short | Characterization of the Sodium Multi-Vitamin Transporter in the Mosquito <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> and Its Capacity to Mobilize Pantothenate and Biotin |
| title_sort | characterization of the sodium multi vitamin transporter in the mosquito i anopheles stephensi i and its capacity to mobilize pantothenate and biotin |
| topic | SMVT transport <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> vitamin B5 vitamin B7 pantothenate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/59 |
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