Electrochemical Strategies for MicroRNA Quantification Leveraging Amplification and Nanomaterials: A Review
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and have emerged as critical biomarkers in various diseases, including cancer. Their stability in bodily fluids and role as oncogenes or tumor suppressors make them attractive targets for non-invasive diagnostics. However, c...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/7/242 |
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| author | Alexander Hunt Gymama Slaughter |
| author_facet | Alexander Hunt Gymama Slaughter |
| author_sort | Alexander Hunt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and have emerged as critical biomarkers in various diseases, including cancer. Their stability in bodily fluids and role as oncogenes or tumor suppressors make them attractive targets for non-invasive diagnostics. However, conventional detection methods, such as Northern blotting, RT-PCR, and microarrays, are limited by low sensitivity, lengthy protocols, and limited specificity. Electrochemical biosensors offer a promising alternative, providing high sensitivity, rapid response times, portability, and cost-effectiveness. These biosensors translate miRNA hybridization events into quantifiable electrochemical signals, often leveraging redox-active labels, mediators, or intercalators. Recent advancements in nanomaterials and signal amplification strategies have further enhanced detection capabilities, enabling sensitive, label-free miRNA quantification. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in electrochemical biosensing of miRNAs, emphasizing innovative redox-based detection strategies, probe immobilization techniques, and hybridization modalities. The critical challenges and future perspectives in advancing electrochemical miRNA biosensors toward clinical translation and point-of-care diagnostics are discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-766420052c4e42a6a694533bcd015c0d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-766420052c4e42a6a694533bcd015c0d2025-08-20T03:08:00ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402025-07-0113724210.3390/chemosensors13070242Electrochemical Strategies for MicroRNA Quantification Leveraging Amplification and Nanomaterials: A ReviewAlexander Hunt0Gymama Slaughter1Center for Bioelectronics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USACenter for Bioelectronics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USAMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and have emerged as critical biomarkers in various diseases, including cancer. Their stability in bodily fluids and role as oncogenes or tumor suppressors make them attractive targets for non-invasive diagnostics. However, conventional detection methods, such as Northern blotting, RT-PCR, and microarrays, are limited by low sensitivity, lengthy protocols, and limited specificity. Electrochemical biosensors offer a promising alternative, providing high sensitivity, rapid response times, portability, and cost-effectiveness. These biosensors translate miRNA hybridization events into quantifiable electrochemical signals, often leveraging redox-active labels, mediators, or intercalators. Recent advancements in nanomaterials and signal amplification strategies have further enhanced detection capabilities, enabling sensitive, label-free miRNA quantification. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in electrochemical biosensing of miRNAs, emphasizing innovative redox-based detection strategies, probe immobilization techniques, and hybridization modalities. The critical challenges and future perspectives in advancing electrochemical miRNA biosensors toward clinical translation and point-of-care diagnostics are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/7/242microRNAbiomarkerselectrochemical biosensorsredox reporters |
| spellingShingle | Alexander Hunt Gymama Slaughter Electrochemical Strategies for MicroRNA Quantification Leveraging Amplification and Nanomaterials: A Review Chemosensors microRNA biomarkers electrochemical biosensors redox reporters |
| title | Electrochemical Strategies for MicroRNA Quantification Leveraging Amplification and Nanomaterials: A Review |
| title_full | Electrochemical Strategies for MicroRNA Quantification Leveraging Amplification and Nanomaterials: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Electrochemical Strategies for MicroRNA Quantification Leveraging Amplification and Nanomaterials: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical Strategies for MicroRNA Quantification Leveraging Amplification and Nanomaterials: A Review |
| title_short | Electrochemical Strategies for MicroRNA Quantification Leveraging Amplification and Nanomaterials: A Review |
| title_sort | electrochemical strategies for microrna quantification leveraging amplification and nanomaterials a review |
| topic | microRNA biomarkers electrochemical biosensors redox reporters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/7/242 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alexanderhunt electrochemicalstrategiesformicrornaquantificationleveragingamplificationandnanomaterialsareview AT gymamaslaughter electrochemicalstrategiesformicrornaquantificationleveragingamplificationandnanomaterialsareview |