The role of the thalamus in focal human epilepsy: insights from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)

This review explores the role of the thalamus in focal epilepsy, focusing on insights gained from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG). The thalamus has recently regained attention as a crucial player in seizure dynamics. Thalamic SEEG recordings can be used to assess certain aspects of the thalamus’...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Odile Feys, Francesca Pizzo, Julia Makhalova, Romain Carron, Fabrice Bartolomei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Neurology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1608715/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850238173987209216
author Odile Feys
Francesca Pizzo
Francesca Pizzo
Julia Makhalova
Julia Makhalova
Julia Makhalova
Romain Carron
Romain Carron
Fabrice Bartolomei
Fabrice Bartolomei
author_facet Odile Feys
Francesca Pizzo
Francesca Pizzo
Julia Makhalova
Julia Makhalova
Julia Makhalova
Romain Carron
Romain Carron
Fabrice Bartolomei
Fabrice Bartolomei
author_sort Odile Feys
collection DOAJ
description This review explores the role of the thalamus in focal epilepsy, focusing on insights gained from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG). The thalamus has recently regained attention as a crucial player in seizure dynamics. Thalamic SEEG recordings can be used to assess certain aspects of the thalamus’s role in human focal epilepsy, in particular the timing and dynamics of involvement of distinct thalamic nuclei during seizures and in interictal activity. Estimation of thalamic involvement in seizure propagation may be valuable before embarking on surgical resection and provide guidance for neuromodulation strategies. High thalamic epileptogenicity correlates with poorer surgical outcomes, making it a predictive biomarker. Deep brain stimulation (DBS), particularly targeting the anterior and pulvinar nuclei, has effectively reduced seizure frequency and improved consciousness during seizures. However, the effectiveness of DBS varies, emphasizing the need for individual targeting based on individual seizure dynamics. High-frequency thalamic stimulation can reduce seizure frequency and alter epileptogenic networks, offering tailored therapeutic approaches. Despite the potential added surgical risks of depth electrode implantation, thalamic SEEG significantly enhances the understanding of epileptogenic networks. It supports the development of personalized epilepsy treatments by elucidating the complex interplay between cortical and subcortical regions, paving the way for improved seizure management and neuromodulation strategies.
format Article
id doaj-art-76348cac9079403983f4dabbe36a5aaf
institution OA Journals
issn 1664-2295
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Neurology
spelling doaj-art-76348cac9079403983f4dabbe36a5aaf2025-08-20T02:01:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952025-06-011610.3389/fneur.2025.16087151608715The role of the thalamus in focal human epilepsy: insights from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)Odile Feys0Francesca Pizzo1Francesca Pizzo2Julia Makhalova3Julia Makhalova4Julia Makhalova5Romain Carron6Romain Carron7Fabrice Bartolomei8Fabrice Bartolomei9APHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, FranceAPHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, FranceAix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, FranceAPHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, FranceAix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, FranceAix-Marseille University, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, FranceAix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, FranceTimone Hospital, Medico-Surgical Unit Epileptology, Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Marseille, FranceAPHM, Timone Hospital, Epileptology and Cerebral Rhythmology, Marseille, FranceAix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, FranceThis review explores the role of the thalamus in focal epilepsy, focusing on insights gained from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG). The thalamus has recently regained attention as a crucial player in seizure dynamics. Thalamic SEEG recordings can be used to assess certain aspects of the thalamus’s role in human focal epilepsy, in particular the timing and dynamics of involvement of distinct thalamic nuclei during seizures and in interictal activity. Estimation of thalamic involvement in seizure propagation may be valuable before embarking on surgical resection and provide guidance for neuromodulation strategies. High thalamic epileptogenicity correlates with poorer surgical outcomes, making it a predictive biomarker. Deep brain stimulation (DBS), particularly targeting the anterior and pulvinar nuclei, has effectively reduced seizure frequency and improved consciousness during seizures. However, the effectiveness of DBS varies, emphasizing the need for individual targeting based on individual seizure dynamics. High-frequency thalamic stimulation can reduce seizure frequency and alter epileptogenic networks, offering tailored therapeutic approaches. Despite the potential added surgical risks of depth electrode implantation, thalamic SEEG significantly enhances the understanding of epileptogenic networks. It supports the development of personalized epilepsy treatments by elucidating the complex interplay between cortical and subcortical regions, paving the way for improved seizure management and neuromodulation strategies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1608715/fullrefractory epilepsythalamic epileptogenicitystereotactic techniquesthalamic nucleisubcortical areas
spellingShingle Odile Feys
Francesca Pizzo
Francesca Pizzo
Julia Makhalova
Julia Makhalova
Julia Makhalova
Romain Carron
Romain Carron
Fabrice Bartolomei
Fabrice Bartolomei
The role of the thalamus in focal human epilepsy: insights from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)
Frontiers in Neurology
refractory epilepsy
thalamic epileptogenicity
stereotactic techniques
thalamic nuclei
subcortical areas
title The role of the thalamus in focal human epilepsy: insights from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)
title_full The role of the thalamus in focal human epilepsy: insights from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)
title_fullStr The role of the thalamus in focal human epilepsy: insights from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)
title_full_unstemmed The role of the thalamus in focal human epilepsy: insights from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)
title_short The role of the thalamus in focal human epilepsy: insights from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)
title_sort role of the thalamus in focal human epilepsy insights from stereoelectroencephalography seeg
topic refractory epilepsy
thalamic epileptogenicity
stereotactic techniques
thalamic nuclei
subcortical areas
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1608715/full
work_keys_str_mv AT odilefeys theroleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT francescapizzo theroleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT francescapizzo theroleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT juliamakhalova theroleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT juliamakhalova theroleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT juliamakhalova theroleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT romaincarron theroleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT romaincarron theroleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT fabricebartolomei theroleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT fabricebartolomei theroleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT odilefeys roleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT francescapizzo roleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT francescapizzo roleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT juliamakhalova roleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT juliamakhalova roleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT juliamakhalova roleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT romaincarron roleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT romaincarron roleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT fabricebartolomei roleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg
AT fabricebartolomei roleofthethalamusinfocalhumanepilepsyinsightsfromstereoelectroencephalographyseeg