The focal mechanism and field investigations of mining-induced earthquake by super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata fracturing
Abstract Mining-induced earthquake (MIE) is a non-natural earthquake induced by mining activities. In Ordos mining area, super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata (STWCS) are common occurrence in Jurassic coal seam overlying strata. To explain and quantify the focal mechanism and roof fract...
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| Format: | Article |
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Springer
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-024-00922-2 |
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| author | Xianxi Bai Anye Cao Changbin Wang Yaoqi Liu Chengchun Xue Xu Yang Yao Yang Songwei Wang Qi Hao |
| author_facet | Xianxi Bai Anye Cao Changbin Wang Yaoqi Liu Chengchun Xue Xu Yang Yao Yang Songwei Wang Qi Hao |
| author_sort | Xianxi Bai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Mining-induced earthquake (MIE) is a non-natural earthquake induced by mining activities. In Ordos mining area, super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata (STWCS) are common occurrence in Jurassic coal seam overlying strata. To explain and quantify the focal mechanism and roof fracture characteristics of MIE under the STWCS, the surface subsidence, ground borehole televiewer imaging and microseismic monitoring technologies were used to observe the fracturing of STWCS. The relative moment tensor method was also used to explore quantify focal mechanism of MIE. The results show that the development height of rock fractures increases, and the STWCS start to break when the panel below retreats along goafs. During this period, the surface stepped subsidence increases rapidly, and MIEs with magnitude above 2.0 begin to appear. The inversion matrix is constructed with the relative moment tensor method to solve the source mechanism of coal mining microearthquakes. The matrix improves the inversion efficiency and accuracy, thus being suitable for solving the focal mechanism of MIE by roof breaking. When coal seam is mined under the STWCS, the dip angle of focal rupture surface is mainly between 0° and 30°, accounting for about 50% of the total. The seismic source is mainly featured with roof horizontal separation tension and roof rotation compression instability. During mining along goafs, the seismic sources displayed a tendency of upward expansion and the shear slip ruptures were more than that in the solid coal mining stage. The focal mechanism of the MIEs in Shilawusu Coal mine was caused by the primary and periodic tension rupture of the STWCS and shear slip rupture. With the continuous mining of the panel, there is still the possibility of another round of MIEs. The research results provide a reference for the prediction, risk assessment and disaster control of MIEs under extremely thick overburden strata. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7623fd6f679e4a8b81f648af19a32281 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2363-8419 2363-8427 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources |
| spelling | doaj-art-7623fd6f679e4a8b81f648af19a322812025-01-19T12:43:07ZengSpringerGeomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources2363-84192363-84272025-01-0111112910.1007/s40948-024-00922-2The focal mechanism and field investigations of mining-induced earthquake by super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata fracturingXianxi Bai0Anye Cao1Changbin Wang2Yaoqi Liu3Chengchun Xue4Xu Yang5Yao Yang6Songwei Wang7Qi Hao8School of Mines, China University of Mining and TechnologySchool of Mines, China University of Mining and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources, China University of Mining and TechnologySchool of Mines, China University of Mining and TechnologySchool of Mines, China University of Mining and TechnologySchool of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Mining and TechnologySchool of Mines, China University of Mining and TechnologySchool of Mines, China University of Mining and TechnologySchool of Mines, China University of Mining and TechnologyAbstract Mining-induced earthquake (MIE) is a non-natural earthquake induced by mining activities. In Ordos mining area, super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata (STWCS) are common occurrence in Jurassic coal seam overlying strata. To explain and quantify the focal mechanism and roof fracture characteristics of MIE under the STWCS, the surface subsidence, ground borehole televiewer imaging and microseismic monitoring technologies were used to observe the fracturing of STWCS. The relative moment tensor method was also used to explore quantify focal mechanism of MIE. The results show that the development height of rock fractures increases, and the STWCS start to break when the panel below retreats along goafs. During this period, the surface stepped subsidence increases rapidly, and MIEs with magnitude above 2.0 begin to appear. The inversion matrix is constructed with the relative moment tensor method to solve the source mechanism of coal mining microearthquakes. The matrix improves the inversion efficiency and accuracy, thus being suitable for solving the focal mechanism of MIE by roof breaking. When coal seam is mined under the STWCS, the dip angle of focal rupture surface is mainly between 0° and 30°, accounting for about 50% of the total. The seismic source is mainly featured with roof horizontal separation tension and roof rotation compression instability. During mining along goafs, the seismic sources displayed a tendency of upward expansion and the shear slip ruptures were more than that in the solid coal mining stage. The focal mechanism of the MIEs in Shilawusu Coal mine was caused by the primary and periodic tension rupture of the STWCS and shear slip rupture. With the continuous mining of the panel, there is still the possibility of another round of MIEs. The research results provide a reference for the prediction, risk assessment and disaster control of MIEs under extremely thick overburden strata.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-024-00922-2Mining-induced earthquakeSuper-thick and weak cementation strataFracture monitoringFocal mechanismRelative moment tensor inversion |
| spellingShingle | Xianxi Bai Anye Cao Changbin Wang Yaoqi Liu Chengchun Xue Xu Yang Yao Yang Songwei Wang Qi Hao The focal mechanism and field investigations of mining-induced earthquake by super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata fracturing Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources Mining-induced earthquake Super-thick and weak cementation strata Fracture monitoring Focal mechanism Relative moment tensor inversion |
| title | The focal mechanism and field investigations of mining-induced earthquake by super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata fracturing |
| title_full | The focal mechanism and field investigations of mining-induced earthquake by super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata fracturing |
| title_fullStr | The focal mechanism and field investigations of mining-induced earthquake by super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata fracturing |
| title_full_unstemmed | The focal mechanism and field investigations of mining-induced earthquake by super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata fracturing |
| title_short | The focal mechanism and field investigations of mining-induced earthquake by super-thick and weak cementation overburden strata fracturing |
| title_sort | focal mechanism and field investigations of mining induced earthquake by super thick and weak cementation overburden strata fracturing |
| topic | Mining-induced earthquake Super-thick and weak cementation strata Fracture monitoring Focal mechanism Relative moment tensor inversion |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-024-00922-2 |
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