Early-career registered nurses’ work experience and nurse outcomes in South African hospitals: a cross-sectional survey

Abstract Background Early-career registered nurses within their first five years of practice, experience the highest turnover rates in the nursing profession, with 20 to 40% leaving their jobs within the first two years. These high turnover rates are due to poor nurse outcomes. Despite growing globa...

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Main Authors: Nicholin Scheepers, Siedine Coetzee, Erika Fourie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Nursing
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03188-5
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author Nicholin Scheepers
Siedine Coetzee
Erika Fourie
author_facet Nicholin Scheepers
Siedine Coetzee
Erika Fourie
author_sort Nicholin Scheepers
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Early-career registered nurses within their first five years of practice, experience the highest turnover rates in the nursing profession, with 20 to 40% leaving their jobs within the first two years. These high turnover rates are due to poor nurse outcomes. Despite growing global research on ECRNs, limited evidence exists within the South African context. This study aimed to examine the nurse outcomes of ECRNs in both private and public hospitals of South Africa and to explore the association between their work experience and these outcomes. Methods Total population sampling was used to recruit ECRNs in private and public hospitals of South Africa. The cross-sectional survey instrument measured job and career satisfaction, workplace violence, emotional exhaustion (burnout), and intent to leave job and career. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA-type hierarchical linear modelling were used to present the differences in ECRNs’ work experience and their nurse outcomes. Results Dissatisfaction rates among ECRNs were notable, with 34.9% dissatisfied with their jobs and 23.1% dissatisfied with their career choice. Workplace violence, including personal (M = 1.60; SD = 0.78) and physical (M = 1.44; SD 0.73) violence, was reported, primarily from managers and supervisors. Emotional exhaustion was prevalent (M = 30.85; SD = 14.62), with 38.9% of the respondents intending to leave their job and 14.5% considering leaving the profession. NGs experienced more workplace violence and were least satisfied with professional status and advancement opportunities, although most satisfied with their co-workers. First-year ECRNs were most satisfied with independence and recognition, while fifth-year ECRNs were least dissatisfied with educational opportunities. Private sector ECRNs reported higher job satisfaction, work-life balance, salary, recognition, educational opportunities, work schedule, and advancement prospects than those in the public sector. Conclusion The study highlighted poor nurse outcomes among ECRNs, especially regarding emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction, and intent to leave. NGs face significant workplace violence and dissatisfaction with advancement opportunities. Urgent interventions are needed, such as transition-to-practice programmes with mentors, fostering positive work environments, and supportive leadership, to enhance ECRNs’ quality of work life and reduce attrition rates in South Africa’s health sector.
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spelling doaj-art-761c5d5bc3714dff81d2e112176eb6312025-08-20T03:37:29ZengBMCBMC Nursing1472-69552025-05-0124111310.1186/s12912-025-03188-5Early-career registered nurses’ work experience and nurse outcomes in South African hospitals: a cross-sectional surveyNicholin Scheepers0Siedine Coetzee1Erika Fourie2School of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West UniversitySchool of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West UniversityDepartment of Statistical Consultation, Faculty of Humanities, North-West UniversityAbstract Background Early-career registered nurses within their first five years of practice, experience the highest turnover rates in the nursing profession, with 20 to 40% leaving their jobs within the first two years. These high turnover rates are due to poor nurse outcomes. Despite growing global research on ECRNs, limited evidence exists within the South African context. This study aimed to examine the nurse outcomes of ECRNs in both private and public hospitals of South Africa and to explore the association between their work experience and these outcomes. Methods Total population sampling was used to recruit ECRNs in private and public hospitals of South Africa. The cross-sectional survey instrument measured job and career satisfaction, workplace violence, emotional exhaustion (burnout), and intent to leave job and career. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA-type hierarchical linear modelling were used to present the differences in ECRNs’ work experience and their nurse outcomes. Results Dissatisfaction rates among ECRNs were notable, with 34.9% dissatisfied with their jobs and 23.1% dissatisfied with their career choice. Workplace violence, including personal (M = 1.60; SD = 0.78) and physical (M = 1.44; SD 0.73) violence, was reported, primarily from managers and supervisors. Emotional exhaustion was prevalent (M = 30.85; SD = 14.62), with 38.9% of the respondents intending to leave their job and 14.5% considering leaving the profession. NGs experienced more workplace violence and were least satisfied with professional status and advancement opportunities, although most satisfied with their co-workers. First-year ECRNs were most satisfied with independence and recognition, while fifth-year ECRNs were least dissatisfied with educational opportunities. Private sector ECRNs reported higher job satisfaction, work-life balance, salary, recognition, educational opportunities, work schedule, and advancement prospects than those in the public sector. Conclusion The study highlighted poor nurse outcomes among ECRNs, especially regarding emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction, and intent to leave. NGs face significant workplace violence and dissatisfaction with advancement opportunities. Urgent interventions are needed, such as transition-to-practice programmes with mentors, fostering positive work environments, and supportive leadership, to enhance ECRNs’ quality of work life and reduce attrition rates in South Africa’s health sector.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03188-5Nurse outcomesEarly-career registered nursesJob satisfactionCareer satisfactionWorkplace violenceEmotional exhaustion
spellingShingle Nicholin Scheepers
Siedine Coetzee
Erika Fourie
Early-career registered nurses’ work experience and nurse outcomes in South African hospitals: a cross-sectional survey
BMC Nursing
Nurse outcomes
Early-career registered nurses
Job satisfaction
Career satisfaction
Workplace violence
Emotional exhaustion
title Early-career registered nurses’ work experience and nurse outcomes in South African hospitals: a cross-sectional survey
title_full Early-career registered nurses’ work experience and nurse outcomes in South African hospitals: a cross-sectional survey
title_fullStr Early-career registered nurses’ work experience and nurse outcomes in South African hospitals: a cross-sectional survey
title_full_unstemmed Early-career registered nurses’ work experience and nurse outcomes in South African hospitals: a cross-sectional survey
title_short Early-career registered nurses’ work experience and nurse outcomes in South African hospitals: a cross-sectional survey
title_sort early career registered nurses work experience and nurse outcomes in south african hospitals a cross sectional survey
topic Nurse outcomes
Early-career registered nurses
Job satisfaction
Career satisfaction
Workplace violence
Emotional exhaustion
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03188-5
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