Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid artery

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the greatest drivers for development of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) in relation to coronary, precerebral, or cerebral artery disease This prospective study (Malmö Diet and Cancer study) included 26,681 participants. The diagnosis of...

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Main Authors: Stefan Acosta, Yufeng Du, Yan Borné, Anders Gottsäter
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-01-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88516-0
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author Stefan Acosta
Yufeng Du
Yan Borné
Anders Gottsäter
author_facet Stefan Acosta
Yufeng Du
Yan Borné
Anders Gottsäter
author_sort Stefan Acosta
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the greatest drivers for development of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) in relation to coronary, precerebral, or cerebral artery disease This prospective study (Malmö Diet and Cancer study) included 26,681 participants. The diagnosis of incident PAD, coronary artery disease (CoAD), atherothrombotic ischemic stroke (IS) free from atrial fibrillation or flutter, and carotid artery disease (CaAD) was validated. A modified Lunn-McNeil competing risk analysis was performed to compare the Hazard Ratio (HR) strength of PAD in relation to CoAD, IS, or CaAD. The estimated population attributable risk fractions (PAF) for each atherosclerotic manifestation were estimated by first fit an age and sex adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression, and then estimate the PAF using the Direct method. Male sex, age, and hypertension were risk factors for development of all atherosclerotic manifestations. Current smoking accounted for 45.6% (95% CI 41.1–47.2), 16.1%, 14.0%, and 23.3% of the risk for development of PAD, CoAD, IS, and CaAD, respectively. Hypertension was more associated with development of PAD than CoAD (p = 0.009). Smoking and diabetes mellitus were positively associated with all four manifestations, but these associations were significantly stronger for PAD than the other three manifestations. Smoking and diabetes mellitus had a larger impact on incident PAD than incident coronary, cerebral or precerebral artery manifestations. Since the lower extremity arteries are the easiest to access and examine, they may be considered as the first arterial bed to examine in patients at increased risk for atherosclerotic manifestations.
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spelling doaj-art-76155fbf87bb45d188546da125488acc2025-02-02T12:22:56ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-88516-0Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid arteryStefan Acosta0Yufeng Du1Yan Borné2Anders Gottsäter3Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund UniversityDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Lund UniversityDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Lund UniversityDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Lund UniversityAbstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the greatest drivers for development of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) in relation to coronary, precerebral, or cerebral artery disease This prospective study (Malmö Diet and Cancer study) included 26,681 participants. The diagnosis of incident PAD, coronary artery disease (CoAD), atherothrombotic ischemic stroke (IS) free from atrial fibrillation or flutter, and carotid artery disease (CaAD) was validated. A modified Lunn-McNeil competing risk analysis was performed to compare the Hazard Ratio (HR) strength of PAD in relation to CoAD, IS, or CaAD. The estimated population attributable risk fractions (PAF) for each atherosclerotic manifestation were estimated by first fit an age and sex adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression, and then estimate the PAF using the Direct method. Male sex, age, and hypertension were risk factors for development of all atherosclerotic manifestations. Current smoking accounted for 45.6% (95% CI 41.1–47.2), 16.1%, 14.0%, and 23.3% of the risk for development of PAD, CoAD, IS, and CaAD, respectively. Hypertension was more associated with development of PAD than CoAD (p = 0.009). Smoking and diabetes mellitus were positively associated with all four manifestations, but these associations were significantly stronger for PAD than the other three manifestations. Smoking and diabetes mellitus had a larger impact on incident PAD than incident coronary, cerebral or precerebral artery manifestations. Since the lower extremity arteries are the easiest to access and examine, they may be considered as the first arterial bed to examine in patients at increased risk for atherosclerotic manifestations.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88516-0
spellingShingle Stefan Acosta
Yufeng Du
Yan Borné
Anders Gottsäter
Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid artery
Scientific Reports
title Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid artery
title_full Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid artery
title_fullStr Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid artery
title_full_unstemmed Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid artery
title_short Differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary, cerebral and carotid artery
title_sort differences in risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease compared to coronary cerebral and carotid artery
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88516-0
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