Minocycline inhibition of monocyte activation correlates with neuronal protection in SIV neuroAIDS.

<h4>Background</h4>Minocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that has been proposed as a potential conjunctive therapy for HIV-1 associated cognitive disorders. Precise mechanism(s) of minocycline's functions are not well defined.<h4>Methods</h4>Fourteen rhesus macaques w...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jennifer H Campbell, Tricia H Burdo, Patrick Autissier, Jeffrey P Bombardier, Susan V Westmoreland, Caroline Soulas, R Gilberto González, Eva-Maria Ratai, Kenneth C Williams
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011-04-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0018688&type=printable
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:<h4>Background</h4>Minocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that has been proposed as a potential conjunctive therapy for HIV-1 associated cognitive disorders. Precise mechanism(s) of minocycline's functions are not well defined.<h4>Methods</h4>Fourteen rhesus macaques were SIV infected and neuronal metabolites measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS). Seven received minocycline (4 mg/kg) daily starting at day 28 post-infection (pi). Monocyte expansion and activation were assessed by flow cytometry, cell traffic to lymph nodes, CD16 regulation, viral replication, and cytokine production were studied.<h4>Results</h4>Minocycline treatment decreased plasma virus and pro-inflammatory CD14+CD16+ and CD14(lo)CD16+ monocytes, and reduced their expression of CD11b, CD163, CD64, CCR2 and HLA-DR. There was reduced recruitment of monocyte/macrophages and productively infected cells in axillary lymph nodes. There was an inverse correlation between brain NAA/Cr (neuronal injury) and circulating CD14+CD16+ and CD14(lo)CD16+ monocytes. Minocycline treatment in vitro reduced SIV replication CD16 expression on activated CD14+CD16+ monocytes, and IL-6 production by monocytes following LPS stimulation.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Neuroprotective effects of minocycline are due in part to reduction of activated monocytes, monocyte traffic. Mechanisms for these effects include CD16 regulation, reduced viral replication, and inhibited immune activation.
ISSN:1932-6203