Investigation of Hydraulic Characteristics and Fluid Dynamics in Sand Samples from the Osun River in Osogbo, Nigeria

Understanding the natural flows in porous media with specific hydraulic characteristics is crucial for advancing science and engineering. This study examines the hydraulic properties and fluid dynamics of sand samples collected from eight locations along the Osun River bed at five-meter intervals in...

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Main Authors: Afeez Oladeji Amoo, Suleiman Bashir Adamu, Adeniyi Olarewaju Adeleye
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: CV. Literasi Indonesia 2025-02-01
Series:Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://ojs.literacyinstitute.org/index.php/ijias/article/view/1605
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author Afeez Oladeji Amoo
Suleiman Bashir Adamu
Adeniyi Olarewaju Adeleye
author_facet Afeez Oladeji Amoo
Suleiman Bashir Adamu
Adeniyi Olarewaju Adeleye
author_sort Afeez Oladeji Amoo
collection DOAJ
description Understanding the natural flows in porous media with specific hydraulic characteristics is crucial for advancing science and engineering. This study examines the hydraulic properties and fluid dynamics of sand samples collected from eight locations along the Osun River bed at five-meter intervals in November 2023. Significant variations in hydraulic characteristics were identified by comparing the findings with international soil classification standards. The effective grain size ranged from 0.20 mm to 0.32 mm, with most samples between 0.30 mm and 0.31 mm. Sample F had the smallest grain size, indicating finer sand. Flow velocities varied from 1.57 cm/s to 2.41 cm/s, with the highest observed at locations B and E. Flow rates ranged from 1.23 × 10² cm³/s to 1.89 × 10² cm³/s, also highest at B and E. Reynolds numbers ranged from 1.39 × 106 to 8.58 × 106, indicating transitions from laminar to turbulent flow. Friction factors ranged from 7.46 × 106 to 45.85 × 106, with higher values at location A, indicating greater resistance to flow. Hydraulic gradients ranged from 1.09 to 1.83, and hydraulic conductivities were between 1.14 × 10-² cm/s and 1.43 × 10-² cm/s, with the highest observed at location A. The results align with recent research showing that coarser sands exhibit higher hydraulic conductivities and flow rates, whereas finer sands demonstrate greater resistance. The study underscores the importance of monitoring friction factors, flow velocity, flow rate, and Reynolds numbers to manage potential environmental hazards and water seepage through dams.
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spelling doaj-art-75ca49f031ae4088a9c3ce2e842ecb162025-08-20T03:44:07ZengCV. Literasi IndonesiaIndonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences2775-41622025-02-0151182510.47540/ijias.v5i1.16051606Investigation of Hydraulic Characteristics and Fluid Dynamics in Sand Samples from the Osun River in Osogbo, NigeriaAfeez Oladeji Amoo0Suleiman Bashir Adamu1Adeniyi Olarewaju Adeleye2Department of Environmental Sciences, Federal University Dutse, NigeriaDepartment of Physics, Sule Lamido University, Kafin Hausa, NigeriaDepartment of Biotechnology, Federal University Dutse, NigeriaUnderstanding the natural flows in porous media with specific hydraulic characteristics is crucial for advancing science and engineering. This study examines the hydraulic properties and fluid dynamics of sand samples collected from eight locations along the Osun River bed at five-meter intervals in November 2023. Significant variations in hydraulic characteristics were identified by comparing the findings with international soil classification standards. The effective grain size ranged from 0.20 mm to 0.32 mm, with most samples between 0.30 mm and 0.31 mm. Sample F had the smallest grain size, indicating finer sand. Flow velocities varied from 1.57 cm/s to 2.41 cm/s, with the highest observed at locations B and E. Flow rates ranged from 1.23 × 10² cm³/s to 1.89 × 10² cm³/s, also highest at B and E. Reynolds numbers ranged from 1.39 × 106 to 8.58 × 106, indicating transitions from laminar to turbulent flow. Friction factors ranged from 7.46 × 106 to 45.85 × 106, with higher values at location A, indicating greater resistance to flow. Hydraulic gradients ranged from 1.09 to 1.83, and hydraulic conductivities were between 1.14 × 10-² cm/s and 1.43 × 10-² cm/s, with the highest observed at location A. The results align with recent research showing that coarser sands exhibit higher hydraulic conductivities and flow rates, whereas finer sands demonstrate greater resistance. The study underscores the importance of monitoring friction factors, flow velocity, flow rate, and Reynolds numbers to manage potential environmental hazards and water seepage through dams.https://ojs.literacyinstitute.org/index.php/ijias/article/view/1605fluid dynamicshydraulic conductivityporous mediareynolds numberwater seepage
spellingShingle Afeez Oladeji Amoo
Suleiman Bashir Adamu
Adeniyi Olarewaju Adeleye
Investigation of Hydraulic Characteristics and Fluid Dynamics in Sand Samples from the Osun River in Osogbo, Nigeria
Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences
fluid dynamics
hydraulic conductivity
porous media
reynolds number
water seepage
title Investigation of Hydraulic Characteristics and Fluid Dynamics in Sand Samples from the Osun River in Osogbo, Nigeria
title_full Investigation of Hydraulic Characteristics and Fluid Dynamics in Sand Samples from the Osun River in Osogbo, Nigeria
title_fullStr Investigation of Hydraulic Characteristics and Fluid Dynamics in Sand Samples from the Osun River in Osogbo, Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Investigation of Hydraulic Characteristics and Fluid Dynamics in Sand Samples from the Osun River in Osogbo, Nigeria
title_short Investigation of Hydraulic Characteristics and Fluid Dynamics in Sand Samples from the Osun River in Osogbo, Nigeria
title_sort investigation of hydraulic characteristics and fluid dynamics in sand samples from the osun river in osogbo nigeria
topic fluid dynamics
hydraulic conductivity
porous media
reynolds number
water seepage
url https://ojs.literacyinstitute.org/index.php/ijias/article/view/1605
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