Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis into the Comparison of Resistance Characteristics Between DARPA Suboff and Modified U209 Types of Submarines
Submarines are required to have good performance, which is influenced by their type of hull, hull conditions, and operational conditions. This study compares the resistance between a Modified-U209 (U209) submarine and the DARPA Suboff. The former is an older hull geometry with both surface and subme...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| author | Ahmad Nasirudin Sutiyo Ardi Nugroho Yulianto Eko Julianto I Ketut Aria Pria Utama Martin Renilson |
| author_facet | Ahmad Nasirudin Sutiyo Ardi Nugroho Yulianto Eko Julianto I Ketut Aria Pria Utama Martin Renilson |
| author_sort | Ahmad Nasirudin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Submarines are required to have good performance, which is influenced by their type of hull, hull conditions, and operational conditions. This study compares the resistance between a Modified-U209 (U209) submarine and the DARPA Suboff. The former is an older hull geometry with both surface and submerged operation considered, whereas the latter represents a modern nuclear-powered submarine designed for submerged operations only. The two geometries were scaled to give the same usable volume, and all results were non-dimensionalized using this to ensure consistency. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method was utilized to predict resistance by employing the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations. The results show that the total resistance coefficient for the U209 bare hull is approximately 6% higher than the Suboff bare hull. When a casing was added to the U209 geometry the increase in total resistance coefficient was approximately 8%. The addition of the sail resulted in an increase in total resistance coefficient ranging from approximately 4% (Suboff sail added to U209) to approximately 14% (U209 sail added to U209). An existing empirical prediction technique was used to predict the resistance, with the total resistance coefficient predicted being consistently about 5% lower than the values obtained using CFD. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2413-4155 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-75a79e70acaa48698e92f613145a82352025-08-20T02:21:50ZengMDPI AGSci2413-41552025-06-01728210.3390/sci7020082Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis into the Comparison of Resistance Characteristics Between DARPA Suboff and Modified U209 Types of SubmarinesAhmad Nasirudin0Sutiyo1Ardi Nugroho Yulianto2Eko Julianto3I Ketut Aria Pria Utama4Martin Renilson5Department of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, IndonesiaDepartment of Naval Architecture, Universitas Hang Tuah, Surabaya 60111, IndonesiaDepartment of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, IndonesiaPoliteknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya (PPNS), Surabaya 60111, IndonesiaDepartment of Naval Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, IndonesiaAustralian Maritime College (AMC), The University of Tasmania, Launceston 7248, AustraliaSubmarines are required to have good performance, which is influenced by their type of hull, hull conditions, and operational conditions. This study compares the resistance between a Modified-U209 (U209) submarine and the DARPA Suboff. The former is an older hull geometry with both surface and submerged operation considered, whereas the latter represents a modern nuclear-powered submarine designed for submerged operations only. The two geometries were scaled to give the same usable volume, and all results were non-dimensionalized using this to ensure consistency. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method was utilized to predict resistance by employing the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations. The results show that the total resistance coefficient for the U209 bare hull is approximately 6% higher than the Suboff bare hull. When a casing was added to the U209 geometry the increase in total resistance coefficient was approximately 8%. The addition of the sail resulted in an increase in total resistance coefficient ranging from approximately 4% (Suboff sail added to U209) to approximately 14% (U209 sail added to U209). An existing empirical prediction technique was used to predict the resistance, with the total resistance coefficient predicted being consistently about 5% lower than the values obtained using CFD.https://www.mdpi.com/2413-4155/7/2/82CFDresistancesubmarineDARPA SuboffU209 |
| spellingShingle | Ahmad Nasirudin Sutiyo Ardi Nugroho Yulianto Eko Julianto I Ketut Aria Pria Utama Martin Renilson Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis into the Comparison of Resistance Characteristics Between DARPA Suboff and Modified U209 Types of Submarines Sci CFD resistance submarine DARPA Suboff U209 |
| title | Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis into the Comparison of Resistance Characteristics Between DARPA Suboff and Modified U209 Types of Submarines |
| title_full | Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis into the Comparison of Resistance Characteristics Between DARPA Suboff and Modified U209 Types of Submarines |
| title_fullStr | Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis into the Comparison of Resistance Characteristics Between DARPA Suboff and Modified U209 Types of Submarines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis into the Comparison of Resistance Characteristics Between DARPA Suboff and Modified U209 Types of Submarines |
| title_short | Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis into the Comparison of Resistance Characteristics Between DARPA Suboff and Modified U209 Types of Submarines |
| title_sort | computational fluid dynamics analysis into the comparison of resistance characteristics between darpa suboff and modified u209 types of submarines |
| topic | CFD resistance submarine DARPA Suboff U209 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2413-4155/7/2/82 |
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