Inducible Clindamycin Resistance and its Molecular Characterisation among Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from A Tertiary Care Centre in South Kerala
A rise in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections in hospitals and the population has led to an increase in Macrolide–Lincosamide–Streptogramin type B (MLSB) antibiotic resistance. This has led to increased treatment costs, length of hospital stay and morbidity, as therapy has grown increa...
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Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
2025-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://microbiologyjournal.org/inducible-clindamycin-resistance-and-its-molecular-characterisation-among-isolates-of-staphylococcus-aureus-from-a-tertiary-care-centre-in-south-kerala/ |
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| author | Ashna Ajimsha Kiran Subhash Ashish Jitendranath J.T. Ramani Bai |
| author_facet | Ashna Ajimsha Kiran Subhash Ashish Jitendranath J.T. Ramani Bai |
| author_sort | Ashna Ajimsha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A rise in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections in hospitals and the population has led to an increase in Macrolide–Lincosamide–Streptogramin type B (MLSB) antibiotic resistance. This has led to increased treatment costs, length of hospital stay and morbidity, as therapy has grown increasingly challenging. As a result, it is imperative that S. aureus isolates and their susceptibility patterns especially to clindamycin and erythromycin, be accurately identified and reported. Of the 341 (100%) S. aureus strains that were recovered from various clinical samples, such as blood, pus, urine, and sputum, 267 (78.6%) were MSSA (methicillin-sensitive S. aureus) and 74 (21.4%) were MRSA. iMLSB (inducible MLSB) resistance detected by D-test was present in 42 (12.3%) isolates, out of which 23 (15.6%) were MSSA and 19 (33.9%) were MRSA. Real-time PCR was done for gene detection on all iMLSB positive isolates. The majority of the isolates – 22 (52.4%) showed both ermA and ermC genes; out of which 13 (56.5%) were MSSA, whereas 9 (47.4%) were MRSA. To correctly identify the true phenotypes sensitive to clindamycin and those showing iMLSB resistance, a reasonably priced, D-test (double disc diffusion test) can be included in routine antibiotic susceptibility testing in clinical settings for all erythromycin-resistant staphylococcal isolates. By following this technique, clinicians treating patients with infections brought on by inducible clindamycin-resistant strains will be guided to forego clindamycin from their treatment regimens, helping to prevent therapeutic failures. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-759f387f2f8b4263be690beda8526e50 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0973-7510 2581-690X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-759f387f2f8b4263be690beda8526e502025-08-20T02:40:21ZengJournal of Pure and Applied MicrobiologyJournal of Pure and Applied Microbiology0973-75102581-690X2025-06-011921145115310.22207/JPAM.19.2.19Inducible Clindamycin Resistance and its Molecular Characterisation among Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from A Tertiary Care Centre in South KeralaAshna Ajimshahttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-2352-9483Kiran SubhashAshish Jitendranathhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2132-332XJ.T. Ramani BaiA rise in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections in hospitals and the population has led to an increase in Macrolide–Lincosamide–Streptogramin type B (MLSB) antibiotic resistance. This has led to increased treatment costs, length of hospital stay and morbidity, as therapy has grown increasingly challenging. As a result, it is imperative that S. aureus isolates and their susceptibility patterns especially to clindamycin and erythromycin, be accurately identified and reported. Of the 341 (100%) S. aureus strains that were recovered from various clinical samples, such as blood, pus, urine, and sputum, 267 (78.6%) were MSSA (methicillin-sensitive S. aureus) and 74 (21.4%) were MRSA. iMLSB (inducible MLSB) resistance detected by D-test was present in 42 (12.3%) isolates, out of which 23 (15.6%) were MSSA and 19 (33.9%) were MRSA. Real-time PCR was done for gene detection on all iMLSB positive isolates. The majority of the isolates – 22 (52.4%) showed both ermA and ermC genes; out of which 13 (56.5%) were MSSA, whereas 9 (47.4%) were MRSA. To correctly identify the true phenotypes sensitive to clindamycin and those showing iMLSB resistance, a reasonably priced, D-test (double disc diffusion test) can be included in routine antibiotic susceptibility testing in clinical settings for all erythromycin-resistant staphylococcal isolates. By following this technique, clinicians treating patients with infections brought on by inducible clindamycin-resistant strains will be guided to forego clindamycin from their treatment regimens, helping to prevent therapeutic failures.https://microbiologyjournal.org/inducible-clindamycin-resistance-and-its-molecular-characterisation-among-isolates-of-staphylococcus-aureus-from-a-tertiary-care-centre-in-south-kerala/d-teststaphylococcus aureusinducible clindamycin resistanceerm genesimlsbermaermcpcr |
| spellingShingle | Ashna Ajimsha Kiran Subhash Ashish Jitendranath J.T. Ramani Bai Inducible Clindamycin Resistance and its Molecular Characterisation among Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from A Tertiary Care Centre in South Kerala Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology d-test staphylococcus aureus inducible clindamycin resistance erm genes imlsb erma ermc pcr |
| title | Inducible Clindamycin Resistance and its Molecular Characterisation among Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from A Tertiary Care Centre in South Kerala |
| title_full | Inducible Clindamycin Resistance and its Molecular Characterisation among Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from A Tertiary Care Centre in South Kerala |
| title_fullStr | Inducible Clindamycin Resistance and its Molecular Characterisation among Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from A Tertiary Care Centre in South Kerala |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inducible Clindamycin Resistance and its Molecular Characterisation among Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from A Tertiary Care Centre in South Kerala |
| title_short | Inducible Clindamycin Resistance and its Molecular Characterisation among Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from A Tertiary Care Centre in South Kerala |
| title_sort | inducible clindamycin resistance and its molecular characterisation among isolates of staphylococcus aureus from a tertiary care centre in south kerala |
| topic | d-test staphylococcus aureus inducible clindamycin resistance erm genes imlsb erma ermc pcr |
| url | https://microbiologyjournal.org/inducible-clindamycin-resistance-and-its-molecular-characterisation-among-isolates-of-staphylococcus-aureus-from-a-tertiary-care-centre-in-south-kerala/ |
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