Effect of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on diabetes remission in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background This study aimed to explore the effects of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on weight loss and diabetes remission in adults with obesity and newly diagnosed prediabetes/type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods Participants with obes...

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Main Authors: Shi Zhang, Yi Wang, Xincheng Wang, Mingxin Leng, Renjiao Liu, Zhouhuiling Li, Jing Li, Jixuan Xiao, Dangmin Hou, Xinying Gao, Chunjun Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04072-4
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author Shi Zhang
Yi Wang
Xincheng Wang
Mingxin Leng
Renjiao Liu
Zhouhuiling Li
Jing Li
Jixuan Xiao
Dangmin Hou
Xinying Gao
Chunjun Li
author_facet Shi Zhang
Yi Wang
Xincheng Wang
Mingxin Leng
Renjiao Liu
Zhouhuiling Li
Jing Li
Jixuan Xiao
Dangmin Hou
Xinying Gao
Chunjun Li
author_sort Shi Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background This study aimed to explore the effects of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on weight loss and diabetes remission in adults with obesity and newly diagnosed prediabetes/type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods Participants with obesity and newly diagnosed prediabetes or T2D (n = 61) were randomly allocated to standard treatment group (conventional medication and lifestyle guidance for 12 months) and intensive treatment group (in addition to conventional medication, a high protein diet and moderate exercise were given for 12 months). Results By month 12, 60 (98.4%) participants completed the 12-month follow-up visit. In the intensive treatment group, 73.33% patients in the prediabetes subgroup returned to normoglycemia and the diabetes remission rate was 86.67% in the diabetes subgroup, which were much higher than the remission rate of prediabetes subgroup (7.69%) and diabetes subgroup (16.67%) in the standard treatment group (P < 0.001). The mean weight change was − 19.29 kg (95% CI, − 22.95 to − 15.63) in the intensive treatment group and − 1.52 kg (95% CI, − 5.12 to 2.07) in the standard treatment group from baseline after intervention. The weight change between the two groups was significantly different (net difference, − 17.77 kg; 95% CI, − 22.90 to − 12.64; P < 0.001). Percent of body fat, visceral fat area, and hepatic controlled attenuation parameter value reduced significantly in the intensive treatment group compared to the standard treatment group (P < 0.001). Conclusions Hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise could lead to a considerable proportion of patients with diabetes achieving diabetes remission. Trial registration chictr.org.cn ChiCTR2100044305.
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spelling doaj-art-758da84c932d4042b3b3d1bc7bbdcd852025-08-20T03:53:12ZengBMCBMC Medicine1741-70152025-05-0123111410.1186/s12916-025-04072-4Effect of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on diabetes remission in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trialShi Zhang0Yi Wang1Xincheng Wang2Mingxin Leng3Renjiao Liu4Zhouhuiling Li5Jing Li6Jixuan Xiao7Dangmin Hou8Xinying Gao9Chunjun Li10Department of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityDepartment of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityDepartment of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityDepartment of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityDepartment of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityDepartment of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityDepartment of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityDepartment of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityDepartment of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityDepartment of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityDepartment of Health Management Center, Endocrinology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nankai UniversityAbstract Background This study aimed to explore the effects of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on weight loss and diabetes remission in adults with obesity and newly diagnosed prediabetes/type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods Participants with obesity and newly diagnosed prediabetes or T2D (n = 61) were randomly allocated to standard treatment group (conventional medication and lifestyle guidance for 12 months) and intensive treatment group (in addition to conventional medication, a high protein diet and moderate exercise were given for 12 months). Results By month 12, 60 (98.4%) participants completed the 12-month follow-up visit. In the intensive treatment group, 73.33% patients in the prediabetes subgroup returned to normoglycemia and the diabetes remission rate was 86.67% in the diabetes subgroup, which were much higher than the remission rate of prediabetes subgroup (7.69%) and diabetes subgroup (16.67%) in the standard treatment group (P < 0.001). The mean weight change was − 19.29 kg (95% CI, − 22.95 to − 15.63) in the intensive treatment group and − 1.52 kg (95% CI, − 5.12 to 2.07) in the standard treatment group from baseline after intervention. The weight change between the two groups was significantly different (net difference, − 17.77 kg; 95% CI, − 22.90 to − 12.64; P < 0.001). Percent of body fat, visceral fat area, and hepatic controlled attenuation parameter value reduced significantly in the intensive treatment group compared to the standard treatment group (P < 0.001). Conclusions Hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise could lead to a considerable proportion of patients with diabetes achieving diabetes remission. Trial registration chictr.org.cn ChiCTR2100044305.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04072-4ObesityType 2 diabetesRemissionHypoglycemic agentsWeight loss effectHigh protein diet
spellingShingle Shi Zhang
Yi Wang
Xincheng Wang
Mingxin Leng
Renjiao Liu
Zhouhuiling Li
Jing Li
Jixuan Xiao
Dangmin Hou
Xinying Gao
Chunjun Li
Effect of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on diabetes remission in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
BMC Medicine
Obesity
Type 2 diabetes
Remission
Hypoglycemic agents
Weight loss effect
High protein diet
title Effect of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on diabetes remission in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
title_full Effect of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on diabetes remission in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
title_fullStr Effect of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on diabetes remission in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed Effect of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on diabetes remission in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
title_short Effect of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on diabetes remission in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
title_sort effect of hypoglycemic agents with weight loss effect plus a high protein diet and moderate exercise on diabetes remission in adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes a randomized controlled trial
topic Obesity
Type 2 diabetes
Remission
Hypoglycemic agents
Weight loss effect
High protein diet
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04072-4
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