Inclusive education in resource-constrained settings: exploring mainstream teachers’ curriculum knowledge and practices for autistic learners in South Africa

This study investigated mainstream educators’ understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in South Africa’s Tzaneen Circuit, aiming to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and classroom practices regarding inclusive education for autistic learners. Despite progressive policies like White Paper 6 (...

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Main Author: Medwin Sepadi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Education
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2025.1641336/full
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author Medwin Sepadi
author_facet Medwin Sepadi
author_sort Medwin Sepadi
collection DOAJ
description This study investigated mainstream educators’ understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in South Africa’s Tzaneen Circuit, aiming to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and classroom practices regarding inclusive education for autistic learners. Despite progressive policies like White Paper 6 (2001), implementation gaps persist in rural areas due to limited training and resources. Using a qualitative case study design, data from six educators revealed limited ASD knowledge primarily gained through informal means, positive but strained attitudes toward inclusion, and systemic challenges like overcrowded classrooms and lack of specialist support. While educators demonstrated adaptive strategies, the findings highlight critical needs: enhanced teacher training, accessible resources, and stronger policy implementation to achieve equitable inclusion. The study underscores the urgency of addressing these gaps in under-resourced settings through collaborative, systemic reforms to empower educators and improve outcomes for autistic students.
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spelling doaj-art-757270e8e2f4422bb41efbfc4b85df692025-08-20T05:59:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Education2504-284X2025-08-011010.3389/feduc.2025.16413361641336Inclusive education in resource-constrained settings: exploring mainstream teachers’ curriculum knowledge and practices for autistic learners in South AfricaMedwin SepadiThis study investigated mainstream educators’ understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in South Africa’s Tzaneen Circuit, aiming to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and classroom practices regarding inclusive education for autistic learners. Despite progressive policies like White Paper 6 (2001), implementation gaps persist in rural areas due to limited training and resources. Using a qualitative case study design, data from six educators revealed limited ASD knowledge primarily gained through informal means, positive but strained attitudes toward inclusion, and systemic challenges like overcrowded classrooms and lack of specialist support. While educators demonstrated adaptive strategies, the findings highlight critical needs: enhanced teacher training, accessible resources, and stronger policy implementation to achieve equitable inclusion. The study underscores the urgency of addressing these gaps in under-resourced settings through collaborative, systemic reforms to empower educators and improve outcomes for autistic students.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2025.1641336/fullAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)inclusive educationmainstream educatorsteacher trainingSouth Africapolicy implementation
spellingShingle Medwin Sepadi
Inclusive education in resource-constrained settings: exploring mainstream teachers’ curriculum knowledge and practices for autistic learners in South Africa
Frontiers in Education
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
inclusive education
mainstream educators
teacher training
South Africa
policy implementation
title Inclusive education in resource-constrained settings: exploring mainstream teachers’ curriculum knowledge and practices for autistic learners in South Africa
title_full Inclusive education in resource-constrained settings: exploring mainstream teachers’ curriculum knowledge and practices for autistic learners in South Africa
title_fullStr Inclusive education in resource-constrained settings: exploring mainstream teachers’ curriculum knowledge and practices for autistic learners in South Africa
title_full_unstemmed Inclusive education in resource-constrained settings: exploring mainstream teachers’ curriculum knowledge and practices for autistic learners in South Africa
title_short Inclusive education in resource-constrained settings: exploring mainstream teachers’ curriculum knowledge and practices for autistic learners in South Africa
title_sort inclusive education in resource constrained settings exploring mainstream teachers curriculum knowledge and practices for autistic learners in south africa
topic Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
inclusive education
mainstream educators
teacher training
South Africa
policy implementation
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2025.1641336/full
work_keys_str_mv AT medwinsepadi inclusiveeducationinresourceconstrainedsettingsexploringmainstreamteacherscurriculumknowledgeandpracticesforautisticlearnersinsouthafrica