Preparation and Performance of a Grid-Based PCL/TPU@MWCNTs Nanofiber Membrane for Pressure Sensor
The intrinsic trade-off among sensitivity, response speed, and measurement range continues to hinder the wider adoption of flexible pressure sensors in areas such as medical diagnostics and gesture recognition. In this work, we propose a grid-structured polycaprolactone/thermoplastic-polyurethane na...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| author | Ping Zhu Qian Lan |
| author_facet | Ping Zhu Qian Lan |
| author_sort | Ping Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The intrinsic trade-off among sensitivity, response speed, and measurement range continues to hinder the wider adoption of flexible pressure sensors in areas such as medical diagnostics and gesture recognition. In this work, we propose a grid-structured polycaprolactone/thermoplastic-polyurethane nanofiber pressure sensor decorated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PCL/TPU@MWCNTs). By introducing a gradient grid membrane, the strain distribution and reconstruction of the conductive network can be modulated, thereby alleviating the conflict between sensitivity, response speed, and operating range. First, static mechanical simulations were performed to compare the mechanical responses of planar and grid membranes, confirming that the grid architecture offers superior sensitivity. Next, PCL/TPU@MWCNT nanofiber membranes were fabricated via coaxial electrospinning followed by vacuum-filtration and assembled into three-layer planar and grid piezoresistive pressure sensors. Their sensing characteristics were evaluated by simple index-finger motions and slide the mouse wheel identified. Within 0–34 kPa, the sensitivities of the planar and grid sensors reached 1.80 kPa<sup>−1</sup> and 2.24 kPa<sup>−1</sup>, respectively; in the 35–75 kPa range, they were 1.03 kPa<sup>−1</sup> and 1.27 kPa<sup>−1</sup>. The rise/decay times of the output signals were 10.53 ms/11.20 ms for the planar sensor and 9.17 ms/9.65 ms for the grid sensor. Both sensors successfully distinguished active index-finger bending at 0–0.5 Hz. The dynamic range of the grid sensor during the extension motion of the index finger is 105 dB and, during the scrolling mouse motion, is 55 dB, affording higher measurement stability and a broader operating window, fully meeting the requirements for high-precision hand-motion recognition. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7568756c66b240aa89e547075febff22 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-7568756c66b240aa89e547075febff222025-08-20T03:47:58ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-05-012510320110.3390/s25103201Preparation and Performance of a Grid-Based PCL/TPU@MWCNTs Nanofiber Membrane for Pressure SensorPing Zhu0Qian Lan1School Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaSchool Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaThe intrinsic trade-off among sensitivity, response speed, and measurement range continues to hinder the wider adoption of flexible pressure sensors in areas such as medical diagnostics and gesture recognition. In this work, we propose a grid-structured polycaprolactone/thermoplastic-polyurethane nanofiber pressure sensor decorated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PCL/TPU@MWCNTs). By introducing a gradient grid membrane, the strain distribution and reconstruction of the conductive network can be modulated, thereby alleviating the conflict between sensitivity, response speed, and operating range. First, static mechanical simulations were performed to compare the mechanical responses of planar and grid membranes, confirming that the grid architecture offers superior sensitivity. Next, PCL/TPU@MWCNT nanofiber membranes were fabricated via coaxial electrospinning followed by vacuum-filtration and assembled into three-layer planar and grid piezoresistive pressure sensors. Their sensing characteristics were evaluated by simple index-finger motions and slide the mouse wheel identified. Within 0–34 kPa, the sensitivities of the planar and grid sensors reached 1.80 kPa<sup>−1</sup> and 2.24 kPa<sup>−1</sup>, respectively; in the 35–75 kPa range, they were 1.03 kPa<sup>−1</sup> and 1.27 kPa<sup>−1</sup>. The rise/decay times of the output signals were 10.53 ms/11.20 ms for the planar sensor and 9.17 ms/9.65 ms for the grid sensor. Both sensors successfully distinguished active index-finger bending at 0–0.5 Hz. The dynamic range of the grid sensor during the extension motion of the index finger is 105 dB and, during the scrolling mouse motion, is 55 dB, affording higher measurement stability and a broader operating window, fully meeting the requirements for high-precision hand-motion recognition.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/10/3201pressure sensornanofiber-basedwider dynamic rangethe sensitivityresponse speed |
| spellingShingle | Ping Zhu Qian Lan Preparation and Performance of a Grid-Based PCL/TPU@MWCNTs Nanofiber Membrane for Pressure Sensor Sensors pressure sensor nanofiber-based wider dynamic range the sensitivity response speed |
| title | Preparation and Performance of a Grid-Based PCL/TPU@MWCNTs Nanofiber Membrane for Pressure Sensor |
| title_full | Preparation and Performance of a Grid-Based PCL/TPU@MWCNTs Nanofiber Membrane for Pressure Sensor |
| title_fullStr | Preparation and Performance of a Grid-Based PCL/TPU@MWCNTs Nanofiber Membrane for Pressure Sensor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation and Performance of a Grid-Based PCL/TPU@MWCNTs Nanofiber Membrane for Pressure Sensor |
| title_short | Preparation and Performance of a Grid-Based PCL/TPU@MWCNTs Nanofiber Membrane for Pressure Sensor |
| title_sort | preparation and performance of a grid based pcl tpu mwcnts nanofiber membrane for pressure sensor |
| topic | pressure sensor nanofiber-based wider dynamic range the sensitivity response speed |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/10/3201 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pingzhu preparationandperformanceofagridbasedpcltpumwcntsnanofibermembraneforpressuresensor AT qianlan preparationandperformanceofagridbasedpcltpumwcntsnanofibermembraneforpressuresensor |