What do women want in pharmacy-based HIV prevention services during pregnancy? Developing attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment in Western Kenya
Abstract Background The delivery of HIV prevention services (e.g., HIV testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation and refills, and STI testing) in community pharmacies could address clinic barriers faced by pregnant women such as extended travel and wait times. We conducted a qualitative st...
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| Format: | Article |
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BMC
2025-06-01
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| Series: | AIDS Research and Therapy |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00752-6 |
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| author | Melissa Latigo Mugambi Annabell Dollah Rosebel Ouda Nancy Oyugi Ben O. Odhiambo Mary M. Marwa Judith Nyakina John Kinuthia Bryan J. Weiner Grace John-Stewart Ruanne Vanessa Barnabas Brett Hauber |
| author_facet | Melissa Latigo Mugambi Annabell Dollah Rosebel Ouda Nancy Oyugi Ben O. Odhiambo Mary M. Marwa Judith Nyakina John Kinuthia Bryan J. Weiner Grace John-Stewart Ruanne Vanessa Barnabas Brett Hauber |
| author_sort | Melissa Latigo Mugambi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The delivery of HIV prevention services (e.g., HIV testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation and refills, and STI testing) in community pharmacies could address clinic barriers faced by pregnant women such as extended travel and wait times. We conducted a qualitative study in Western Kenya to select and prioritize attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to design pharmacy-based HIV prevention services for pregnant women. Methods We began by identifying a comprehensive list of attributes and levels relevant to women considering HIV prevention during pregnancy. This list was informed by recommended HIV prevention interventions for pregnant women, our objective to design services for pharmacy settings, and attributes identified in the literature as important for other populations when choosing HIV and pharmacy-based services. From March to November 2022, we recruited participants using stratified purposeful sampling and collected qualitative data through seven focus group discussions with women, four with health providers, and eight individual interviews with technical experts. Interviews were audio-recorded, translated, transcribed, and summarized in debrief reports. We conducted debriefing meetings and analyzed these reports to identify and refine the essential attributes that would influence decisions to access HIV prevention services from a pharmacy during pregnancy. Results We initially identified twelve potential attributes that were evaluated during the focus groups. Five attributes were eliminated based on ranking exercises with women and health providers. Additional attributes suggested during the focus groups were ranked low by participants or not mentioned frequently enough and, therefore, not included. We finalized and refined levels for each attribute using insights from the literature, participant feedback, and design considerations. The study identified seven attributes: service location, type of HIV test, STI testing availability, partner HIV testing availability, PrEP availability, service access methods (e.g., appointment versus walk-ins), and service fee. Conclusions This study was the first step in data collection toward defining attributes and levels for a DCE survey and successfully identified seven preliminary attributes and levels. Pre-testing and pilot testing activities further explored the feasibility and understanding of the attributes and levels. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-755867ab716e4b178d1e9c88ef2fe5db |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1742-6405 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | AIDS Research and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-755867ab716e4b178d1e9c88ef2fe5db2025-08-20T03:06:06ZengBMCAIDS Research and Therapy1742-64052025-06-0122111110.1186/s12981-025-00752-6What do women want in pharmacy-based HIV prevention services during pregnancy? Developing attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment in Western KenyaMelissa Latigo Mugambi0Annabell Dollah1Rosebel Ouda2Nancy Oyugi3Ben O. Odhiambo4Mary M. Marwa5Judith Nyakina6John Kinuthia7Bryan J. Weiner8Grace John-Stewart9Ruanne Vanessa Barnabas10Brett Hauber11Department of Global Health, University of WashingtonUW-KenyaSafe Water AIDS ProjectUW-KenyaDepartment of Global Health, University of WashingtonKenyatta National HospitalUW-KenyaDepartment of Research and Programs, Kenyatta National HospitalDepartment of Global Health, University of WashingtonDepartment of Global Health, University of WashingtonDivision of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolThe Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy and Economics (CHOICE) Institute, Department of Pharmacy, University of WashingtonAbstract Background The delivery of HIV prevention services (e.g., HIV testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation and refills, and STI testing) in community pharmacies could address clinic barriers faced by pregnant women such as extended travel and wait times. We conducted a qualitative study in Western Kenya to select and prioritize attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to design pharmacy-based HIV prevention services for pregnant women. Methods We began by identifying a comprehensive list of attributes and levels relevant to women considering HIV prevention during pregnancy. This list was informed by recommended HIV prevention interventions for pregnant women, our objective to design services for pharmacy settings, and attributes identified in the literature as important for other populations when choosing HIV and pharmacy-based services. From March to November 2022, we recruited participants using stratified purposeful sampling and collected qualitative data through seven focus group discussions with women, four with health providers, and eight individual interviews with technical experts. Interviews were audio-recorded, translated, transcribed, and summarized in debrief reports. We conducted debriefing meetings and analyzed these reports to identify and refine the essential attributes that would influence decisions to access HIV prevention services from a pharmacy during pregnancy. Results We initially identified twelve potential attributes that were evaluated during the focus groups. Five attributes were eliminated based on ranking exercises with women and health providers. Additional attributes suggested during the focus groups were ranked low by participants or not mentioned frequently enough and, therefore, not included. We finalized and refined levels for each attribute using insights from the literature, participant feedback, and design considerations. The study identified seven attributes: service location, type of HIV test, STI testing availability, partner HIV testing availability, PrEP availability, service access methods (e.g., appointment versus walk-ins), and service fee. Conclusions This study was the first step in data collection toward defining attributes and levels for a DCE survey and successfully identified seven preliminary attributes and levels. Pre-testing and pilot testing activities further explored the feasibility and understanding of the attributes and levels.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00752-6 |
| spellingShingle | Melissa Latigo Mugambi Annabell Dollah Rosebel Ouda Nancy Oyugi Ben O. Odhiambo Mary M. Marwa Judith Nyakina John Kinuthia Bryan J. Weiner Grace John-Stewart Ruanne Vanessa Barnabas Brett Hauber What do women want in pharmacy-based HIV prevention services during pregnancy? Developing attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment in Western Kenya AIDS Research and Therapy |
| title | What do women want in pharmacy-based HIV prevention services during pregnancy? Developing attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment in Western Kenya |
| title_full | What do women want in pharmacy-based HIV prevention services during pregnancy? Developing attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment in Western Kenya |
| title_fullStr | What do women want in pharmacy-based HIV prevention services during pregnancy? Developing attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment in Western Kenya |
| title_full_unstemmed | What do women want in pharmacy-based HIV prevention services during pregnancy? Developing attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment in Western Kenya |
| title_short | What do women want in pharmacy-based HIV prevention services during pregnancy? Developing attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment in Western Kenya |
| title_sort | what do women want in pharmacy based hiv prevention services during pregnancy developing attributes and levels for a discrete choice experiment in western kenya |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00752-6 |
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