An updated systematic review and meta-analysis: correlation between circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Abstract Background Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)—formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease—is the leading cause of chronic liver disease globally. However, early diagnosis and specific treatment have not yet been achieved. Plasminogen activator inhibitor...
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2025-08-01
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| Series: | BMC Gastroenterology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-025-04148-8 |
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| author | Qicong Li Yuting Ruan Yuqing Zhu Yingying Cai Kaihan Wu Chenglu Shen Qin Zhang Shuaihang Chen Jie Hu Shan Liu Miaojuan Wang |
| author_facet | Qicong Li Yuting Ruan Yuqing Zhu Yingying Cai Kaihan Wu Chenglu Shen Qin Zhang Shuaihang Chen Jie Hu Shan Liu Miaojuan Wang |
| author_sort | Qicong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)—formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease—is the leading cause of chronic liver disease globally. However, early diagnosis and specific treatment have not yet been achieved. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is closely related to MASLD and may be an important indicator for its diagnosis and treatment. This updated meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively explore the relationship between circulating PAI-1 levels and MASLD. Methods Article retrieval was carried out in seven provenances (PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI, WANFANG, Clinical Trials Database, and Grey Literature Database) using free text words and MeSH terms. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12. Outcomes were presented as standardised mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results A total of 23 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The levels of circulating PAI-1 in patients with MASLD were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (SMD = 1.44, 95% CI [1.06, 1.83]). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses based on key factors, such as area, age, and BMI, were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity. In the BMI subgroup analysis, the participants were divided into two groups. While the subgroup results were inconclusive, the meta-regression suggested that the area (i.e. the geographic region of the study population) may be a major contributor to heterogeneity (p < 0.001). Conclusions Patients with MASLD have significantly high circulating PAI-1 levels; however, this correlation may vary in different regions, thereby providing a reference for further research on MASLD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7552f999666143d591936a7813902d13 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-230X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Gastroenterology |
| spelling | doaj-art-7552f999666143d591936a7813902d132025-08-24T11:32:55ZengBMCBMC Gastroenterology1471-230X2025-08-0125111310.1186/s12876-025-04148-8An updated systematic review and meta-analysis: correlation between circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseaseQicong Li0Yuting Ruan1Yuqing Zhu2Yingying Cai3Kaihan Wu4Chenglu Shen5Qin Zhang6Shuaihang Chen7Jie Hu8Shan Liu9Miaojuan Wang10The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityThe First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityThe First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityThe Third Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityThe First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityThe First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityThe First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityThe Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityCenter of Clinical Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityDepartment of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityAbstract Background Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)—formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease—is the leading cause of chronic liver disease globally. However, early diagnosis and specific treatment have not yet been achieved. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is closely related to MASLD and may be an important indicator for its diagnosis and treatment. This updated meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively explore the relationship between circulating PAI-1 levels and MASLD. Methods Article retrieval was carried out in seven provenances (PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI, WANFANG, Clinical Trials Database, and Grey Literature Database) using free text words and MeSH terms. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12. Outcomes were presented as standardised mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results A total of 23 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The levels of circulating PAI-1 in patients with MASLD were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (SMD = 1.44, 95% CI [1.06, 1.83]). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses based on key factors, such as area, age, and BMI, were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity. In the BMI subgroup analysis, the participants were divided into two groups. While the subgroup results were inconclusive, the meta-regression suggested that the area (i.e. the geographic region of the study population) may be a major contributor to heterogeneity (p < 0.001). Conclusions Patients with MASLD have significantly high circulating PAI-1 levels; however, this correlation may vary in different regions, thereby providing a reference for further research on MASLD.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-025-04148-8Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseaseNon-alcoholic fatty liver diseasePlasminogen activator inhibitor-1Meta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Qicong Li Yuting Ruan Yuqing Zhu Yingying Cai Kaihan Wu Chenglu Shen Qin Zhang Shuaihang Chen Jie Hu Shan Liu Miaojuan Wang An updated systematic review and meta-analysis: correlation between circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease BMC Gastroenterology Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 Meta-analysis |
| title | An updated systematic review and meta-analysis: correlation between circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease |
| title_full | An updated systematic review and meta-analysis: correlation between circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease |
| title_fullStr | An updated systematic review and meta-analysis: correlation between circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | An updated systematic review and meta-analysis: correlation between circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease |
| title_short | An updated systematic review and meta-analysis: correlation between circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease |
| title_sort | updated systematic review and meta analysis correlation between circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease |
| topic | Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 Meta-analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-025-04148-8 |
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