Smart Strip-Till One-Pass Machine: Winter Wheat Sowing Accuracy Assessment

Modern agricultural machines are subject to requirements that result from developments in plant cultivation technology and environmental care. Agricultural practice demands multifunctional machines that perform several agrotechnical treatments in a single pass. Automated and digitalised management o...

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Main Authors: Dariusz Jaskulski, Iwona Jaskulska, Emilian Różniak, Maja Radziemska, Barbara Klik, Martin Brtnický
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Agriculture
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/4/411
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author Dariusz Jaskulski
Iwona Jaskulska
Emilian Różniak
Maja Radziemska
Barbara Klik
Martin Brtnický
author_facet Dariusz Jaskulski
Iwona Jaskulska
Emilian Różniak
Maja Radziemska
Barbara Klik
Martin Brtnický
author_sort Dariusz Jaskulski
collection DOAJ
description Modern agricultural machines are subject to requirements that result from developments in plant cultivation technology and environmental care. Agricultural practice demands multifunctional machines that perform several agrotechnical treatments in a single pass. Automated and digitalised management of machines and their working parts is also becoming standard. A strip-till one-pass machine was designed that automatically regulates and monitors sowing rate and depths and the application of fertiliser to loosened soil strips. Among other things, an electro-hydraulic depth regulator with a built-in linear potentiometer and an overload sensor was used. Laboratory and field tests assessed the accuracy of the rate and depth of sowing wheat grain and fertiliser application by the innovative machine. This study confirmed the machine’s high quality of wheat sowing. The accuracy of the operating parameters was not less than 97% in laboratory tests and 92% in field conditions. The field emergence capacity of wheat was 88% and its sowing density can be considered good. The machine provides uniform operation of all 11 multifunctional assemblies (units, sections of loosening-applying tines and sowing coulters). The coefficient of variation (CV) of grain sowing and granular fertiliser application by individual assemblies was in the range of 4.27–7.29% and 3.74–6.90%, respectively. The sowing depth accuracy expressed as an accuracy coefficient (DA) was 87.33–93.67% with CV 4.62–9.65%. The machine’s introduction onto the market can facilitate field cultivation of plants in accordance with the principles of conservation agriculture and Agriculture 4.0.
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spelling doaj-art-7545f3100c5d4d25a7082344f6b42e1e2025-08-20T03:11:19ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722025-02-0115441110.3390/agriculture15040411Smart Strip-Till One-Pass Machine: Winter Wheat Sowing Accuracy AssessmentDariusz Jaskulski0Iwona Jaskulska1Emilian Różniak2Maja Radziemska3Barbara Klik4Martin Brtnický5Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Prof. S. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Prof. S. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, PolandResearch & Development Centre Agro-Land Marek Różniak Śmielin, Kościelna 1, 89-110 Sadki, PolandInstitute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, PolandInstitute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 61300 Brno, Czech RepublicModern agricultural machines are subject to requirements that result from developments in plant cultivation technology and environmental care. Agricultural practice demands multifunctional machines that perform several agrotechnical treatments in a single pass. Automated and digitalised management of machines and their working parts is also becoming standard. A strip-till one-pass machine was designed that automatically regulates and monitors sowing rate and depths and the application of fertiliser to loosened soil strips. Among other things, an electro-hydraulic depth regulator with a built-in linear potentiometer and an overload sensor was used. Laboratory and field tests assessed the accuracy of the rate and depth of sowing wheat grain and fertiliser application by the innovative machine. This study confirmed the machine’s high quality of wheat sowing. The accuracy of the operating parameters was not less than 97% in laboratory tests and 92% in field conditions. The field emergence capacity of wheat was 88% and its sowing density can be considered good. The machine provides uniform operation of all 11 multifunctional assemblies (units, sections of loosening-applying tines and sowing coulters). The coefficient of variation (CV) of grain sowing and granular fertiliser application by individual assemblies was in the range of 4.27–7.29% and 3.74–6.90%, respectively. The sowing depth accuracy expressed as an accuracy coefficient (DA) was 87.33–93.67% with CV 4.62–9.65%. The machine’s introduction onto the market can facilitate field cultivation of plants in accordance with the principles of conservation agriculture and Agriculture 4.0.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/4/411agricultural machinerydepth regulatorstrip tillagefertilisersowing grainsowing depth
spellingShingle Dariusz Jaskulski
Iwona Jaskulska
Emilian Różniak
Maja Radziemska
Barbara Klik
Martin Brtnický
Smart Strip-Till One-Pass Machine: Winter Wheat Sowing Accuracy Assessment
Agriculture
agricultural machinery
depth regulator
strip tillage
fertiliser
sowing grain
sowing depth
title Smart Strip-Till One-Pass Machine: Winter Wheat Sowing Accuracy Assessment
title_full Smart Strip-Till One-Pass Machine: Winter Wheat Sowing Accuracy Assessment
title_fullStr Smart Strip-Till One-Pass Machine: Winter Wheat Sowing Accuracy Assessment
title_full_unstemmed Smart Strip-Till One-Pass Machine: Winter Wheat Sowing Accuracy Assessment
title_short Smart Strip-Till One-Pass Machine: Winter Wheat Sowing Accuracy Assessment
title_sort smart strip till one pass machine winter wheat sowing accuracy assessment
topic agricultural machinery
depth regulator
strip tillage
fertiliser
sowing grain
sowing depth
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/4/411
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