Findings on conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in different histopathological subtypes of ovarian thecoma-fibroma group
Abstract Background Ovarian thecoma-fibroma group (OTFG) is an unusual type of ovarian cancer with three histopathologic subtypes, but their features on ultrasonography are still poorly understood. This study evaluated the features of different histopathological subtypes of OTFG on conventional ultr...
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2025-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-025-01693-2 |
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| author | Yuemingming Jiang Yanhua Ding Minhua Guo Yue Yu Hongpeng Duan Shengmin Zhang |
| author_facet | Yuemingming Jiang Yanhua Ding Minhua Guo Yue Yu Hongpeng Duan Shengmin Zhang |
| author_sort | Yuemingming Jiang |
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| description | Abstract Background Ovarian thecoma-fibroma group (OTFG) is an unusual type of ovarian cancer with three histopathologic subtypes, but their features on ultrasonography are still poorly understood. This study evaluated the features of different histopathological subtypes of OTFG on conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). Methods This retrospective study enrolled sixty-nine women with pathologically confirmed OTFG who underwent preoperative CEUS. The characteristics of OTFG on conventional ultrasonography and CEUS, clinical manifestations, and laboratory findings were compared among subtypes. Results Fourteen patients were diagnosed with fibroma, fifty-one with thecofibroma, and four with thecoma. Although 69% of patients were post-menopausal, thecoma patients were significantly younger than those in other two groups. Laboratory examination revealed 21.7% (15/69) of patients had high carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) level. On conventional ultrasonography, 72.5% (50/69) masses showed solid type, 24.6% (17/69) showed mixed cystic-solid type, and only 2.9% (2/69) showed cystic type. On CEUS, 50% (2/4) of thecoma lesions were rapid enhancement, 58.8% (30/51) of thecofibroma lesions and 78.6% (11/14) of fibroma lesions showed slow enhancement, 75% (3/4) of thecoma lesions showed isoenhancement during the descent process, and only 13.75% (7/51) of thecofibroma lesions and 7.1% (1/14) of fibroma lesions showed isoenhancement during the descent. they varied significantly among different histopathological subtypes. Conclusions The majority of OTFG is solid-like on conventional ultrasonography. Menopause is an important factor related to the subtype of OTFG. In postmenopausal patients with solid adnexal masses, slow hypoenhancement on CEUS is an important feature of fibroma. In premenopausal patients with solid or mixed cystic-solid adnexal masses, thecoma may be considered when rapid hyperenhancement, and isoenhancement or hypoenhancement during descent are observed on CEUS. Clinical trial number Not applicable. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-753b1022abdc4cd9b93c14c6db2e18e5 |
| institution | OA Journals |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Medical Imaging |
| spelling | doaj-art-753b1022abdc4cd9b93c14c6db2e18e52025-08-20T01:53:20ZengBMCBMC Medical Imaging1471-23422025-05-012511710.1186/s12880-025-01693-2Findings on conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in different histopathological subtypes of ovarian thecoma-fibroma groupYuemingming Jiang0Yanhua Ding1Minhua Guo2Yue Yu3Hongpeng Duan4Shengmin Zhang5Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityDepartment of Ultrasonography, Hangzhou Women’s HospitalDepartment of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityDepartment of Histopathology, Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis CenterDepartment of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityDepartment of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityAbstract Background Ovarian thecoma-fibroma group (OTFG) is an unusual type of ovarian cancer with three histopathologic subtypes, but their features on ultrasonography are still poorly understood. This study evaluated the features of different histopathological subtypes of OTFG on conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). Methods This retrospective study enrolled sixty-nine women with pathologically confirmed OTFG who underwent preoperative CEUS. The characteristics of OTFG on conventional ultrasonography and CEUS, clinical manifestations, and laboratory findings were compared among subtypes. Results Fourteen patients were diagnosed with fibroma, fifty-one with thecofibroma, and four with thecoma. Although 69% of patients were post-menopausal, thecoma patients were significantly younger than those in other two groups. Laboratory examination revealed 21.7% (15/69) of patients had high carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) level. On conventional ultrasonography, 72.5% (50/69) masses showed solid type, 24.6% (17/69) showed mixed cystic-solid type, and only 2.9% (2/69) showed cystic type. On CEUS, 50% (2/4) of thecoma lesions were rapid enhancement, 58.8% (30/51) of thecofibroma lesions and 78.6% (11/14) of fibroma lesions showed slow enhancement, 75% (3/4) of thecoma lesions showed isoenhancement during the descent process, and only 13.75% (7/51) of thecofibroma lesions and 7.1% (1/14) of fibroma lesions showed isoenhancement during the descent. they varied significantly among different histopathological subtypes. Conclusions The majority of OTFG is solid-like on conventional ultrasonography. Menopause is an important factor related to the subtype of OTFG. In postmenopausal patients with solid adnexal masses, slow hypoenhancement on CEUS is an important feature of fibroma. In premenopausal patients with solid or mixed cystic-solid adnexal masses, thecoma may be considered when rapid hyperenhancement, and isoenhancement or hypoenhancement during descent are observed on CEUS. Clinical trial number Not applicable.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-025-01693-2Ovarian thecoma-fibroma groupThecomaFibromaContrast-enhanced ultrasonography |
| spellingShingle | Yuemingming Jiang Yanhua Ding Minhua Guo Yue Yu Hongpeng Duan Shengmin Zhang Findings on conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in different histopathological subtypes of ovarian thecoma-fibroma group BMC Medical Imaging Ovarian thecoma-fibroma group Thecoma Fibroma Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography |
| title | Findings on conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in different histopathological subtypes of ovarian thecoma-fibroma group |
| title_full | Findings on conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in different histopathological subtypes of ovarian thecoma-fibroma group |
| title_fullStr | Findings on conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in different histopathological subtypes of ovarian thecoma-fibroma group |
| title_full_unstemmed | Findings on conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in different histopathological subtypes of ovarian thecoma-fibroma group |
| title_short | Findings on conventional ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in different histopathological subtypes of ovarian thecoma-fibroma group |
| title_sort | findings on conventional ultrasonography and contrast enhanced ultrasonography in different histopathological subtypes of ovarian thecoma fibroma group |
| topic | Ovarian thecoma-fibroma group Thecoma Fibroma Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-025-01693-2 |
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