ERK1/2 Inhibition Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Fatty Acid Metabolism
Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with morphological and functional impairment of the heart primarily due to lipid toxicity caused by increased fatty acid metabolism. Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) have been implicated in the metabolism o...
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IMR Press
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark |
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| Online Access: | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/30/1/10.31083/FBL26700 |
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| author | Erin McLean Caroline De Roo Annabel Maag Megan Coble Jefferson Cano Ruijie Liu |
| author_facet | Erin McLean Caroline De Roo Annabel Maag Megan Coble Jefferson Cano Ruijie Liu |
| author_sort | Erin McLean |
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| description | Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with morphological and functional impairment of the heart primarily due to lipid toxicity caused by increased fatty acid metabolism. Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) have been implicated in the metabolism of fatty acids in the liver and skeletal muscles. However, their role in the heart in diabetes remains unclear. In this study, we tested our hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 alleviates cardiac remodeling in diabetic mice through a reduction in fatty acid metabolism. Methods: ERK1/2 phosphorylation in diabetes was determined both in vitro and in vivo. H9C2 cells were subjected to high glucose, high palmitic acid, or both high glucose and palmitic acid. db/db and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice were analyzed for ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels as well as the effects of U0126 treatment on cardiac remodeling. Administration of STZ and U0126 in mice was performed via intraperitoneal injection. Blood glucose levels in mice were measured using a glucometer. Mouse heart total RNAs were purified for reverse transcription. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression was performed for hypertrophy (ANF, BNP, and βMHC), fibrosis (Col3α1), and fatty acid metabolism genes (PPARα, CPT1A, and FACS). Interstitial fibrosis of the myocardium was analyzed using Masson’s trichrome staining of the paraffin-embedded tissues. Results: ERK1/2 phosphorylation was significantly increased in diabetic conditions. Inhibition of ERK1/2 by U0126 in both streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and db/db mice resulted in a significant reduction in the expression of genes associated with hypertrophy and fibrosis. In contrast, elevated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in Dusp6/8 knockout (DKO) mice resulted in fibrosis. Mechanistically, ERK1/2 activation enhanced the expression of fatty acid metabolism genes PPARα, CPT1A, and FACS in the heart, which was reversed by U0126 treatment. Conclusion: ERK1/2 are potential therapeutic targets for diabetic cardiomyopathy by modulating fatty acid metabolism in the heart. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-75248dd6ca12440191bf203937e6e9a9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2768-6701 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IMR Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark |
| spelling | doaj-art-75248dd6ca12440191bf203937e6e9a92025-01-25T08:55:52ZengIMR PressFrontiers in Bioscience-Landmark2768-67012025-01-013012670010.31083/FBL26700S2768-6701(24)01586-7ERK1/2 Inhibition Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Fatty Acid MetabolismErin McLean0Caroline De Roo1Annabel Maag2Megan Coble3Jefferson Cano4Ruijie Liu5Department of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USADepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USADepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USADepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USADepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USADepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USABackground: Diabetes mellitus is associated with morphological and functional impairment of the heart primarily due to lipid toxicity caused by increased fatty acid metabolism. Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) have been implicated in the metabolism of fatty acids in the liver and skeletal muscles. However, their role in the heart in diabetes remains unclear. In this study, we tested our hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 alleviates cardiac remodeling in diabetic mice through a reduction in fatty acid metabolism. Methods: ERK1/2 phosphorylation in diabetes was determined both in vitro and in vivo. H9C2 cells were subjected to high glucose, high palmitic acid, or both high glucose and palmitic acid. db/db and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice were analyzed for ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels as well as the effects of U0126 treatment on cardiac remodeling. Administration of STZ and U0126 in mice was performed via intraperitoneal injection. Blood glucose levels in mice were measured using a glucometer. Mouse heart total RNAs were purified for reverse transcription. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression was performed for hypertrophy (ANF, BNP, and βMHC), fibrosis (Col3α1), and fatty acid metabolism genes (PPARα, CPT1A, and FACS). Interstitial fibrosis of the myocardium was analyzed using Masson’s trichrome staining of the paraffin-embedded tissues. Results: ERK1/2 phosphorylation was significantly increased in diabetic conditions. Inhibition of ERK1/2 by U0126 in both streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and db/db mice resulted in a significant reduction in the expression of genes associated with hypertrophy and fibrosis. In contrast, elevated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in Dusp6/8 knockout (DKO) mice resulted in fibrosis. Mechanistically, ERK1/2 activation enhanced the expression of fatty acid metabolism genes PPARα, CPT1A, and FACS in the heart, which was reversed by U0126 treatment. Conclusion: ERK1/2 are potential therapeutic targets for diabetic cardiomyopathy by modulating fatty acid metabolism in the heart.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/30/1/10.31083/FBL26700cardiac remodelingdiabetes mellituserk1/2fatty acid metabolism |
| spellingShingle | Erin McLean Caroline De Roo Annabel Maag Megan Coble Jefferson Cano Ruijie Liu ERK1/2 Inhibition Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Fatty Acid Metabolism Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark cardiac remodeling diabetes mellitus erk1/2 fatty acid metabolism |
| title | ERK1/2 Inhibition Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Fatty Acid Metabolism |
| title_full | ERK1/2 Inhibition Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Fatty Acid Metabolism |
| title_fullStr | ERK1/2 Inhibition Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Fatty Acid Metabolism |
| title_full_unstemmed | ERK1/2 Inhibition Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Fatty Acid Metabolism |
| title_short | ERK1/2 Inhibition Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Fatty Acid Metabolism |
| title_sort | erk1 2 inhibition alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by suppressing fatty acid metabolism |
| topic | cardiac remodeling diabetes mellitus erk1/2 fatty acid metabolism |
| url | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/30/1/10.31083/FBL26700 |
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