Vancomycin administration and AUC/MIC in patients with acute kidney injury on hemodialysis (HD): randomized clinical trial

Abstract The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of vancomycin change during HD, increasing the risk of subtherapeutic concentrations. The aim of this study was to evaluate during and after the conventional and prolonged hemodialysis sessions to identify the possible risk of the patient re...

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Main Authors: Welder Zamoner, Ricardo de Souza Cavalcante, André Luis Balbi, Daniela Ponce
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-12-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82587-1
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author Welder Zamoner
Ricardo de Souza Cavalcante
André Luis Balbi
Daniela Ponce
author_facet Welder Zamoner
Ricardo de Souza Cavalcante
André Luis Balbi
Daniela Ponce
author_sort Welder Zamoner
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of vancomycin change during HD, increasing the risk of subtherapeutic concentrations. The aim of this study was to evaluate during and after the conventional and prolonged hemodialysis sessions to identify the possible risk of the patient remaining without adequate antimicrobial coverage during therapy. Randomized, non-blind clinical trial, including critically ill adults with septic AKI on conventional (4 h) and prolonged HD (6 and 10 h) and using vancomycin for at least 72 h. Sessions were analyzed and randomized into three groups (G): control (C), dose of 15 mg/kg after session), intervention (I) 2 h (dose of 7.5 mg/kg in the second hour and 7.5 mg/kg after) and IG continuous infusion (dose of 30 mg/kg in 24 h). Of the 316 patients recruited, 87 were randomized, and 174 HD sessions were monitored. For the analysis, 28 sessions belonged to the CG, 47 to the 2-hour IG, and 31 to the continuous IG. The groups were similar in age, weight, severity scores, use of nephrotoxins, sérum albumin, Kt/V, HD modality, ultrafiltration, and intradialytic intercurrences. The intervention groups showed a higher therapeutic concentration frequency than the control group (p < 0.002). The initial concentration was identified as a risk factor (OR 1.16, p = 0.001) for a non-therapeutic vancomycin concentration in the logistic regression. In contrast, the 2-hour IG was identified as a protective factor (OR 0.24, p = 0.04). Administration of vancomycin during dialysis proved to be a protective factor against concentrations outside the therapeutic target. Further studies are needed to suggest more appropriate doses of vancomycin for patients with AKI on dialysis therapy and to assess the impact of these results on clinical outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-751d00bd01c14e8481ad4921c8f647b22025-08-20T02:43:33ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-011411910.1038/s41598-024-82587-1Vancomycin administration and AUC/MIC in patients with acute kidney injury on hemodialysis (HD): randomized clinical trialWelder Zamoner0Ricardo de Souza Cavalcante1André Luis Balbi2Daniela Ponce3Internal Medicine Department - Nephrology, Botucatu School of Medicine, University São Paulo State-UNESP Infectious Disease Department, Botucatu School of Medicine, University São Paulo State-UNESPInternal Medicine Department - Nephrology, Botucatu School of Medicine, University São Paulo State-UNESPInternal Medicine Department - Nephrology, Botucatu School of Medicine, University São Paulo State-UNESPAbstract The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of vancomycin change during HD, increasing the risk of subtherapeutic concentrations. The aim of this study was to evaluate during and after the conventional and prolonged hemodialysis sessions to identify the possible risk of the patient remaining without adequate antimicrobial coverage during therapy. Randomized, non-blind clinical trial, including critically ill adults with septic AKI on conventional (4 h) and prolonged HD (6 and 10 h) and using vancomycin for at least 72 h. Sessions were analyzed and randomized into three groups (G): control (C), dose of 15 mg/kg after session), intervention (I) 2 h (dose of 7.5 mg/kg in the second hour and 7.5 mg/kg after) and IG continuous infusion (dose of 30 mg/kg in 24 h). Of the 316 patients recruited, 87 were randomized, and 174 HD sessions were monitored. For the analysis, 28 sessions belonged to the CG, 47 to the 2-hour IG, and 31 to the continuous IG. The groups were similar in age, weight, severity scores, use of nephrotoxins, sérum albumin, Kt/V, HD modality, ultrafiltration, and intradialytic intercurrences. The intervention groups showed a higher therapeutic concentration frequency than the control group (p < 0.002). The initial concentration was identified as a risk factor (OR 1.16, p = 0.001) for a non-therapeutic vancomycin concentration in the logistic regression. In contrast, the 2-hour IG was identified as a protective factor (OR 0.24, p = 0.04). Administration of vancomycin during dialysis proved to be a protective factor against concentrations outside the therapeutic target. Further studies are needed to suggest more appropriate doses of vancomycin for patients with AKI on dialysis therapy and to assess the impact of these results on clinical outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82587-1Acute kidney injuryDialysisPharmacokineticsSepsisVancomycin
spellingShingle Welder Zamoner
Ricardo de Souza Cavalcante
André Luis Balbi
Daniela Ponce
Vancomycin administration and AUC/MIC in patients with acute kidney injury on hemodialysis (HD): randomized clinical trial
Scientific Reports
Acute kidney injury
Dialysis
Pharmacokinetics
Sepsis
Vancomycin
title Vancomycin administration and AUC/MIC in patients with acute kidney injury on hemodialysis (HD): randomized clinical trial
title_full Vancomycin administration and AUC/MIC in patients with acute kidney injury on hemodialysis (HD): randomized clinical trial
title_fullStr Vancomycin administration and AUC/MIC in patients with acute kidney injury on hemodialysis (HD): randomized clinical trial
title_full_unstemmed Vancomycin administration and AUC/MIC in patients with acute kidney injury on hemodialysis (HD): randomized clinical trial
title_short Vancomycin administration and AUC/MIC in patients with acute kidney injury on hemodialysis (HD): randomized clinical trial
title_sort vancomycin administration and auc mic in patients with acute kidney injury on hemodialysis hd randomized clinical trial
topic Acute kidney injury
Dialysis
Pharmacokinetics
Sepsis
Vancomycin
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82587-1
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