A Method for Assessing the Potential of Multifunctional Retrofitting of Rural Roofs Based on GF-2 Remote Sensing Imagery
Green roofs and photovoltaic (PV) roofs are important forms of roof retrofitting, and unused rural roofs provide favorable conditions for the development of green roofs and PV roofs. Here, this study proposes a new method for assessing the potential of multifunctional retrofitting of rural roofs. Fi...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Junqi Wang Linlin Cheng Yang Zheng Huizhen Cui Mengyao Zhu |
| author_facet | Junqi Wang Linlin Cheng Yang Zheng Huizhen Cui Mengyao Zhu |
| author_sort | Junqi Wang |
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| description | Green roofs and photovoltaic (PV) roofs are important forms of roof retrofitting, and unused rural roofs provide favorable conditions for the development of green roofs and PV roofs. Here, this study proposes a new method for assessing the potential of multifunctional retrofitting of rural roofs. Firstly, rural roof types were classified into three categories based on GF-2 imagery: flat roofs, east–west pitched roofs, and north–south pitched roofs. The roof types were extracted based on the revised U-Net model, which aims to enhance the extracted features of the buildings and improve the perception of the buildings. Secondly, three types of retrofits—PV roofs, green roofs, and PV-green roofs—were designed taking into account the type, orientation, and area of the roofs. Finally, the potential electricity and carbon benefits of the different retrofit types of roofs were calculated separately, with the aim of realizing an assessment of the potential for roof retrofitting in the rural areas of Mentougou, Beijing. The results of the study showed that 35,407 (281.97 ha) roofs could be used for multifunctional retrofitting. If rural roofs are retrofitted with multifunctionality according to the methodology of this paper, they can absorb an additional 4.66 × 10<sup>4</sup> kg/yr of CO<sub>2</sub> and increase biomass production by 0.99 × 10<sup>4</sup> kg/yr compared to retrofitting only PV roofs, and they can generate an additional 34.1 GWh/yr of electricity and reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by an additional 3.3 × 10<sup>7</sup> kg/yr compared to retrofitting to both PV roofs and green roofs. The assessment methodology of this study provides decision makers with data references on the multifunctional potential of rural rooftops for retrofitting, which can optimize the use of rural rooftops, and at the same time is important for promoting the energy transition in rural areas. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-74dd6b0623954af4aa172bf25ea2cbe02025-08-20T02:12:33ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-01-0125377010.3390/s25030770A Method for Assessing the Potential of Multifunctional Retrofitting of Rural Roofs Based on GF-2 Remote Sensing ImageryJunqi Wang0Linlin Cheng1Yang Zheng2Huizhen Cui3Mengyao Zhu4School of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, ChinaGreen roofs and photovoltaic (PV) roofs are important forms of roof retrofitting, and unused rural roofs provide favorable conditions for the development of green roofs and PV roofs. Here, this study proposes a new method for assessing the potential of multifunctional retrofitting of rural roofs. Firstly, rural roof types were classified into three categories based on GF-2 imagery: flat roofs, east–west pitched roofs, and north–south pitched roofs. The roof types were extracted based on the revised U-Net model, which aims to enhance the extracted features of the buildings and improve the perception of the buildings. Secondly, three types of retrofits—PV roofs, green roofs, and PV-green roofs—were designed taking into account the type, orientation, and area of the roofs. Finally, the potential electricity and carbon benefits of the different retrofit types of roofs were calculated separately, with the aim of realizing an assessment of the potential for roof retrofitting in the rural areas of Mentougou, Beijing. The results of the study showed that 35,407 (281.97 ha) roofs could be used for multifunctional retrofitting. If rural roofs are retrofitted with multifunctionality according to the methodology of this paper, they can absorb an additional 4.66 × 10<sup>4</sup> kg/yr of CO<sub>2</sub> and increase biomass production by 0.99 × 10<sup>4</sup> kg/yr compared to retrofitting only PV roofs, and they can generate an additional 34.1 GWh/yr of electricity and reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by an additional 3.3 × 10<sup>7</sup> kg/yr compared to retrofitting to both PV roofs and green roofs. The assessment methodology of this study provides decision makers with data references on the multifunctional potential of rural rooftops for retrofitting, which can optimize the use of rural rooftops, and at the same time is important for promoting the energy transition in rural areas.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/3/770rural roofsroof retrofitelectricity generationcarbon benefits |
| spellingShingle | Junqi Wang Linlin Cheng Yang Zheng Huizhen Cui Mengyao Zhu A Method for Assessing the Potential of Multifunctional Retrofitting of Rural Roofs Based on GF-2 Remote Sensing Imagery Sensors rural roofs roof retrofit electricity generation carbon benefits |
| title | A Method for Assessing the Potential of Multifunctional Retrofitting of Rural Roofs Based on GF-2 Remote Sensing Imagery |
| title_full | A Method for Assessing the Potential of Multifunctional Retrofitting of Rural Roofs Based on GF-2 Remote Sensing Imagery |
| title_fullStr | A Method for Assessing the Potential of Multifunctional Retrofitting of Rural Roofs Based on GF-2 Remote Sensing Imagery |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Method for Assessing the Potential of Multifunctional Retrofitting of Rural Roofs Based on GF-2 Remote Sensing Imagery |
| title_short | A Method for Assessing the Potential of Multifunctional Retrofitting of Rural Roofs Based on GF-2 Remote Sensing Imagery |
| title_sort | method for assessing the potential of multifunctional retrofitting of rural roofs based on gf 2 remote sensing imagery |
| topic | rural roofs roof retrofit electricity generation carbon benefits |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/3/770 |
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