A novel framework for fluid/structure interaction in rapid subject specific simulations of blood flow in coronary artery bifurcations
Background/Aim. Practical difficulties, particularly long model development time, have limited the types and applicability of computational fluid dynamics simulations in numerical modeling of blood flow in serial manner. In these simulations, the most revealing flow parameters are the endot...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia, University of Defence, Belgrade
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Vojnosanitetski Pregled |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2014/0042-84501403285B.pdf |
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| Summary: | Background/Aim. Practical difficulties, particularly long model development
time, have limited the types and applicability of computational fluid
dynamics simulations in numerical modeling of blood flow in serial manner. In
these simulations, the most revealing flow parameters are the endothelial
shear stress distribution and oscillatory shear index. The aim of this study
was analyze their role in the diagnosis of the occurrence and prognosis of
plaque development in coronary artery bifurcations. Methods. We developed a
novel modeling technique for rapid cardiovascular hemodynamic simulations
taking into account interactions between fluid domain (blood) and solid
domain (artery wall). Two numerical models that represent the observed
subdomains of an arbitrary patient-specific coronary artery bifurcation were
created using multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) coronagraphy and
ultrasound measurements of blood velocity. Coronary flow using an in-house
finite element solver PAK-FS was solved. Results. Overall behavior of
coronary artery bifurcation during one cardiac cycle is described by:
velocity, pressure, endothelial shear stress, oscillatory shear index, stress
in arterial wall and nodal displacements. The places where (a) endothelial
shear stress is less than 1.5, and (b) oscillatory shear index is very small
(close or equal to 0) are prone to plaque genesis. Conclusion. Finite element
simulation of fluid-structure interaction was used to investigate
patient-specific flow dynamics and wall mechanics at coronary artery
bifurcations. Simulation model revealed that lateral walls of the main branch
and lateral walls distal to the carina are exposed to low endothelial shear
stress which is a predilection site for development of atherosclerosis. This
conclusion is confirmed by the low values of oscillatory shear index in
those places. |
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| ISSN: | 0042-8450 |