Debris-Flow Erosion Volume Estimation Using a Single High-Resolution Optical Satellite Image

Debris flows pose significant risks to mountainous regions, and quick, accurate volume estimation is crucial for hazard assessment and post-disaster response. Traditional volume estimation methods, such as ground surveys and aerial photogrammetry, are often limited by cost, accessibility, and timeli...

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Main Authors: Peng Zhang, Shang Wang, Guangyao Zhou, Yueze Zheng, Kexin Li, Luyan Ji
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Remote Sensing
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/14/2413
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author Peng Zhang
Shang Wang
Guangyao Zhou
Yueze Zheng
Kexin Li
Luyan Ji
author_facet Peng Zhang
Shang Wang
Guangyao Zhou
Yueze Zheng
Kexin Li
Luyan Ji
author_sort Peng Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Debris flows pose significant risks to mountainous regions, and quick, accurate volume estimation is crucial for hazard assessment and post-disaster response. Traditional volume estimation methods, such as ground surveys and aerial photogrammetry, are often limited by cost, accessibility, and timeliness. While remote sensing offers wide coverage, existing optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)-based techniques face challenges in direct volume estimation due to resolution constraints and rapid terrain changes. This study proposes a Super-Resolution Shape from Shading (SRSFS) approach enhanced by a Non-local Piecewise-smooth albedo Constraint (NPC), hereafter referred to as NPC SRSFS, to estimate debris-flow erosion volume using single high-resolution optical satellite imagery. By integrating publicly available global Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data as prior terrain reference, the method enables accurate post-disaster topography reconstruction from a single optical image, thereby reducing reliance on stereo imagery. The NPC constraint improves the robustness of albedo estimation under heterogeneous surface conditions, enhancing depth recovery accuracy. The methodology is evaluated using Gaofen-6 satellite imagery, with quantitative comparisons to aerial Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data. Results show that the proposed method achieves reliable terrain reconstruction and erosion volume estimates, with accuracy comparable to airborne LiDAR. This study demonstrates the potential of NPC SRSFS as a rapid, cost-effective alternative for post-disaster debris-flow assessment.
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spelling doaj-art-749e93eec2db43daa2372adb5c04db812025-08-20T03:56:47ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-07-011714241310.3390/rs17142413Debris-Flow Erosion Volume Estimation Using a Single High-Resolution Optical Satellite ImagePeng Zhang0Shang Wang1Guangyao Zhou2Yueze Zheng3Kexin Li4Luyan Ji5Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, ChinaAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, ChinaAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, ChinaBeijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100038, ChinaAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, ChinaAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, ChinaDebris flows pose significant risks to mountainous regions, and quick, accurate volume estimation is crucial for hazard assessment and post-disaster response. Traditional volume estimation methods, such as ground surveys and aerial photogrammetry, are often limited by cost, accessibility, and timeliness. While remote sensing offers wide coverage, existing optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)-based techniques face challenges in direct volume estimation due to resolution constraints and rapid terrain changes. This study proposes a Super-Resolution Shape from Shading (SRSFS) approach enhanced by a Non-local Piecewise-smooth albedo Constraint (NPC), hereafter referred to as NPC SRSFS, to estimate debris-flow erosion volume using single high-resolution optical satellite imagery. By integrating publicly available global Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data as prior terrain reference, the method enables accurate post-disaster topography reconstruction from a single optical image, thereby reducing reliance on stereo imagery. The NPC constraint improves the robustness of albedo estimation under heterogeneous surface conditions, enhancing depth recovery accuracy. The methodology is evaluated using Gaofen-6 satellite imagery, with quantitative comparisons to aerial Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data. Results show that the proposed method achieves reliable terrain reconstruction and erosion volume estimates, with accuracy comparable to airborne LiDAR. This study demonstrates the potential of NPC SRSFS as a rapid, cost-effective alternative for post-disaster debris-flow assessment.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/14/2413debris flowvolume estimationshape from shading
spellingShingle Peng Zhang
Shang Wang
Guangyao Zhou
Yueze Zheng
Kexin Li
Luyan Ji
Debris-Flow Erosion Volume Estimation Using a Single High-Resolution Optical Satellite Image
Remote Sensing
debris flow
volume estimation
shape from shading
title Debris-Flow Erosion Volume Estimation Using a Single High-Resolution Optical Satellite Image
title_full Debris-Flow Erosion Volume Estimation Using a Single High-Resolution Optical Satellite Image
title_fullStr Debris-Flow Erosion Volume Estimation Using a Single High-Resolution Optical Satellite Image
title_full_unstemmed Debris-Flow Erosion Volume Estimation Using a Single High-Resolution Optical Satellite Image
title_short Debris-Flow Erosion Volume Estimation Using a Single High-Resolution Optical Satellite Image
title_sort debris flow erosion volume estimation using a single high resolution optical satellite image
topic debris flow
volume estimation
shape from shading
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/14/2413
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