The Cytotoxic Activity of Secondary Metabolites from Marine-Derived <i>Penicillium</i> spp.: A Review (2018–2024)
Marine-derived <i>Penicillium</i> spp., including <i>Penicillium citrinum</i>, <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i>, and <i>Penicillium sclerotiorum</i>, have emerged as prolific producers of structurally diverse secondary metabolites with cytotoxic activity...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Marine Drugs |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/23/5/197 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Summary: | Marine-derived <i>Penicillium</i> spp., including <i>Penicillium citrinum</i>, <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i>, and <i>Penicillium sclerotiorum</i>, have emerged as prolific producers of structurally diverse secondary metabolites with cytotoxic activity. This review systematically categorizes 177 bioactive compounds isolated from marine <i>Penicillium</i> spp. between 2018 and 2024, derived from diverse marine environments such as sediments, animals, plants, and mangroves. These compounds, classified into polyketides, alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids, exhibit a wide range of cytotoxic activities. Their potency is categorized as potent (<1 μM or <0.5 μg/mL), notable (1–10 μM or 0.5–5 μg/mL), moderate (10–30 μM or 5–15 μg/mL), mild (30–50 μM or 15–25 μg/mL), and negligible (>50 μM or >25 μg/mL). The current review highlights the promising role of marine <i>Penicillium</i> spp. as a rich repository for the discovery of anticancer agents and the advancement of marine-inspired drug development. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 1660-3397 |