The Genetic and Biological Basis of Pseudoarthrosis in Fractures: Current Understanding and Future Directions

Pseudoarthrosis—the failure of normal fracture healing—remains a significant orthopedic challenge affecting approximately 10–15% of long bone fractures, and is associated with significant pain, prolonged disability, and repeated surgical interventions. Despite extensive research into the pathophysio...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Amalia Kotsifaki, Georgia Kalouda, Sousanna Maroulaki, Athanasios Foukas, Athanasios Armakolas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Diseases
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9721/13/3/75
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