Consistent effects of science and scientist characteristics on public trust across political regimes

Abstract Recent years have seen an increased research interest in the determinants of public trust in science. While some argue that democracy should be the political regime most conducive to science, recent debates about salient scientific findings revealed considerable cracks in the public percept...

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Main Authors: Sukayna Younger-Khan, Nils B. Weidmann, Lisa Oswald
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Nature 2024-10-01
Series:Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03909-2
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author Sukayna Younger-Khan
Nils B. Weidmann
Lisa Oswald
author_facet Sukayna Younger-Khan
Nils B. Weidmann
Lisa Oswald
author_sort Sukayna Younger-Khan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Recent years have seen an increased research interest in the determinants of public trust in science. While some argue that democracy should be the political regime most conducive to science, recent debates about salient scientific findings revealed considerable cracks in the public perception of science. We argue that existing cross-national work on trust in science is incomplete because it uses an aggregate concept of “science”. People in different political environments likely have different conceptions of what science is, which can have consequences for perceptions and trust. To remedy this shortcoming, we present results from a preregistered survey experiment in ten countries (N = 8441), which covers a broad spectrum of political regimes and tests how science and scientists’ characteristics influence public trust. We find that, against expectations, female scientists and scientists engaging in public activism are both perceived as more trustworthy. High-impact research is trusted more than low-impact research, and it does not matter whether a scientist is a co-national. Overall, our experiment reveals few differences across political regimes. Additional survey results show that respondents’ education and exposure to science have similar relationships with trust across autocratic and democratic countries. A striking difference we find is that while political orientation has little impact in autocratic countries, it is strongly related to trust across democracies as perceptions of science become increasingly politicized.
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spelling doaj-art-7485b0668cb54893b49a7018cd67d2772025-08-20T02:18:15ZengSpringer NatureHumanities & Social Sciences Communications2662-99922024-10-0111111410.1057/s41599-024-03909-2Consistent effects of science and scientist characteristics on public trust across political regimesSukayna Younger-Khan0Nils B. Weidmann1Lisa Oswald2University of KonstanzUniversity of KonstanzMax Planck Institute for Human DevelopmentAbstract Recent years have seen an increased research interest in the determinants of public trust in science. While some argue that democracy should be the political regime most conducive to science, recent debates about salient scientific findings revealed considerable cracks in the public perception of science. We argue that existing cross-national work on trust in science is incomplete because it uses an aggregate concept of “science”. People in different political environments likely have different conceptions of what science is, which can have consequences for perceptions and trust. To remedy this shortcoming, we present results from a preregistered survey experiment in ten countries (N = 8441), which covers a broad spectrum of political regimes and tests how science and scientists’ characteristics influence public trust. We find that, against expectations, female scientists and scientists engaging in public activism are both perceived as more trustworthy. High-impact research is trusted more than low-impact research, and it does not matter whether a scientist is a co-national. Overall, our experiment reveals few differences across political regimes. Additional survey results show that respondents’ education and exposure to science have similar relationships with trust across autocratic and democratic countries. A striking difference we find is that while political orientation has little impact in autocratic countries, it is strongly related to trust across democracies as perceptions of science become increasingly politicized.https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03909-2
spellingShingle Sukayna Younger-Khan
Nils B. Weidmann
Lisa Oswald
Consistent effects of science and scientist characteristics on public trust across political regimes
Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
title Consistent effects of science and scientist characteristics on public trust across political regimes
title_full Consistent effects of science and scientist characteristics on public trust across political regimes
title_fullStr Consistent effects of science and scientist characteristics on public trust across political regimes
title_full_unstemmed Consistent effects of science and scientist characteristics on public trust across political regimes
title_short Consistent effects of science and scientist characteristics on public trust across political regimes
title_sort consistent effects of science and scientist characteristics on public trust across political regimes
url https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03909-2
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