Higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney disease

Abstract Antiviral use has been linked to encephalopathy and elevated serum creatinine concentrations in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in case reports. Using linked healthcare data in Ontario, we conducted a population‐based cohort study on adults aged ≥66 years not receiving dialysi...

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Main Authors: Patricia Olar, Amit X. Garg, Matthew A. Weir, Fatemeh Ahmadi, Eric McArthur, Ngan N. Lam, Jessica M. Sontrop, Flory T. Muanda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-12-01
Series:Pharmacology Research & Perspectives
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.70028
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author Patricia Olar
Amit X. Garg
Matthew A. Weir
Fatemeh Ahmadi
Eric McArthur
Ngan N. Lam
Jessica M. Sontrop
Flory T. Muanda
author_facet Patricia Olar
Amit X. Garg
Matthew A. Weir
Fatemeh Ahmadi
Eric McArthur
Ngan N. Lam
Jessica M. Sontrop
Flory T. Muanda
author_sort Patricia Olar
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Antiviral use has been linked to encephalopathy and elevated serum creatinine concentrations in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in case reports. Using linked healthcare data in Ontario, we conducted a population‐based cohort study on adults aged ≥66 years not receiving dialysis and newly prescribed oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir in the outpatient setting (2008–2022) at higher versus lower doses. The primary composite outcome, a hospital visit with encephalopathy or acute kidney injury (AKI) within 14 days of initiating antiviral treatment, was examined in a primary cohort. AKI was assessed in a secondary cohort of older adults with CKD with available linked hospital‐based laboratory (lab) data. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting on the propensity score to balance comparison groups on baseline health. Weighted risk ratios (RR) and risk differences (RD) were obtained using modified Poisson and binomial regression. In the primary cohort, higher‐ versus lower‐dose antiviral was not associated with an increased 14‐day risk of hospital visit with encephalopathy or AKI. However, Higher‐ versus lower‐dose antiviral was associated with a higher risk of a hospital visit with AKI when assessed using lab values (weighted number of events, 70 of 8407 [0.83%] versus 18 of 8230 [0.22%], respectively; weighted RR, 3.83 [95% CI, 1.87–7.87]; weighted RD, 0.62% [95% CI, 0.37%–0.86%]). In older adults with CKD, starting an antiviral at a higher versus lower dose was associated with a higher risk of AKI, although the absolute risk of this event was <1%.
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spelling doaj-art-748253bf2a9b4b97a51883e785d4c8b42025-08-20T02:50:30ZengWileyPharmacology Research & Perspectives2052-17072024-12-01126n/an/a10.1002/prp2.70028Higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney diseasePatricia Olar0Amit X. Garg1Matthew A. Weir2Fatemeh Ahmadi3Eric McArthur4Ngan N. Lam5Jessica M. Sontrop6Flory T. Muanda7ICES Western London Ontario CanadaICES Western London Ontario CanadaICES Western London Ontario CanadaICES Western London Ontario CanadaICES Western London Ontario CanadaDivision of Nephrology University of Calgary Calgary Alberta CanadaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Western University London Ontario CanadaICES Western London Ontario CanadaAbstract Antiviral use has been linked to encephalopathy and elevated serum creatinine concentrations in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in case reports. Using linked healthcare data in Ontario, we conducted a population‐based cohort study on adults aged ≥66 years not receiving dialysis and newly prescribed oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir in the outpatient setting (2008–2022) at higher versus lower doses. The primary composite outcome, a hospital visit with encephalopathy or acute kidney injury (AKI) within 14 days of initiating antiviral treatment, was examined in a primary cohort. AKI was assessed in a secondary cohort of older adults with CKD with available linked hospital‐based laboratory (lab) data. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting on the propensity score to balance comparison groups on baseline health. Weighted risk ratios (RR) and risk differences (RD) were obtained using modified Poisson and binomial regression. In the primary cohort, higher‐ versus lower‐dose antiviral was not associated with an increased 14‐day risk of hospital visit with encephalopathy or AKI. However, Higher‐ versus lower‐dose antiviral was associated with a higher risk of a hospital visit with AKI when assessed using lab values (weighted number of events, 70 of 8407 [0.83%] versus 18 of 8230 [0.22%], respectively; weighted RR, 3.83 [95% CI, 1.87–7.87]; weighted RD, 0.62% [95% CI, 0.37%–0.86%]). In older adults with CKD, starting an antiviral at a higher versus lower dose was associated with a higher risk of AKI, although the absolute risk of this event was <1%.https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.70028antiviralschronic kidney diseasedosagetoxicity
spellingShingle Patricia Olar
Amit X. Garg
Matthew A. Weir
Fatemeh Ahmadi
Eric McArthur
Ngan N. Lam
Jessica M. Sontrop
Flory T. Muanda
Higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney disease
Pharmacology Research & Perspectives
antivirals
chronic kidney disease
dosage
toxicity
title Higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney disease
title_full Higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney disease
title_fullStr Higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney disease
title_full_unstemmed Higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney disease
title_short Higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney disease
title_sort higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney disease
topic antivirals
chronic kidney disease
dosage
toxicity
url https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.70028
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