Electronic CPA‐Laser Having Enhanced Sensitivity and Tunability

Abstract Exceptional point degeneracies, which are spectral singularities of non‐Hermitian systems, have been widely utilized for building optical, mechanical, or electrical sensing systems with much larger responses than those utilizing Hermitian degeneracies. However, such systems suffer from enha...

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Main Authors: Minye Yang, Lukang Wang, Zhilu Ye, Qi Zhong, Baolong Jian, Xiaohui Zhang, Şahin K. Özdemir, Ming Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley-VCH 2025-05-01
Series:Advanced Electronic Materials
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400722
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author Minye Yang
Lukang Wang
Zhilu Ye
Qi Zhong
Baolong Jian
Xiaohui Zhang
Şahin K. Özdemir
Ming Liu
author_facet Minye Yang
Lukang Wang
Zhilu Ye
Qi Zhong
Baolong Jian
Xiaohui Zhang
Şahin K. Özdemir
Ming Liu
author_sort Minye Yang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Exceptional point degeneracies, which are spectral singularities of non‐Hermitian systems, have been widely utilized for building optical, mechanical, or electrical sensing systems with much larger responses than those utilizing Hermitian degeneracies. However, such systems suffer from enhanced noise, which negates the enhanced response and thus does not provide any improvement in signal‐to‐noise ratio. Recently, the coherent perfect absorber (CPA)‐laser, which also utilizes non‐Hermitian singularity, has been used in sensing systems resulting in better noise robustness and enhanced responsivity. Nonetheless, CPA‐laser (CPAL) implementation requires all system parameters to be immutable, which hinders progress toward their practical use for sensing purposes. Here, a tunable electronic CPA‐laser is reported that overcomes these obstacles providing ultrahigh sensitivity as validated in the experiments for monitoring arterial pressure and respiration. This CPAL sensing scheme utilizes inductive coupling between gain and loss sub‐components and thereby the whole system can be decomposed into an active reader and a passive sensor, which enables better tunability and performance compared to previously reported CPAL systems. Moreover, the proposed CPAL system exhibits better performance compared to exceptional point‐based systems having a similar circuit structure. This research paves the way for exploring electronic CPAL for sensing applications and may have a profound impact on the next‐generation, ultrasensitive electromagnetic sensing system.
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spelling doaj-art-74704d12e5fe4acf80f6e19f2e5931f92025-08-20T02:26:27ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Electronic Materials2199-160X2025-05-01117n/an/a10.1002/aelm.202400722Electronic CPA‐Laser Having Enhanced Sensitivity and TunabilityMinye Yang0Lukang Wang1Zhilu Ye2Qi Zhong3Baolong Jian4Xiaohui Zhang5Şahin K. Özdemir6Ming Liu7State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine School of Life Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 ChinaDepartment of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USAState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine School of Life Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 ChinaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering Saint Louis University St. Louis MO 63103 USAState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 ChinaAbstract Exceptional point degeneracies, which are spectral singularities of non‐Hermitian systems, have been widely utilized for building optical, mechanical, or electrical sensing systems with much larger responses than those utilizing Hermitian degeneracies. However, such systems suffer from enhanced noise, which negates the enhanced response and thus does not provide any improvement in signal‐to‐noise ratio. Recently, the coherent perfect absorber (CPA)‐laser, which also utilizes non‐Hermitian singularity, has been used in sensing systems resulting in better noise robustness and enhanced responsivity. Nonetheless, CPA‐laser (CPAL) implementation requires all system parameters to be immutable, which hinders progress toward their practical use for sensing purposes. Here, a tunable electronic CPA‐laser is reported that overcomes these obstacles providing ultrahigh sensitivity as validated in the experiments for monitoring arterial pressure and respiration. This CPAL sensing scheme utilizes inductive coupling between gain and loss sub‐components and thereby the whole system can be decomposed into an active reader and a passive sensor, which enables better tunability and performance compared to previously reported CPAL systems. Moreover, the proposed CPAL system exhibits better performance compared to exceptional point‐based systems having a similar circuit structure. This research paves the way for exploring electronic CPAL for sensing applications and may have a profound impact on the next‐generation, ultrasensitive electromagnetic sensing system.https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400722coherent perfect absorber‐laserepidermal sensinglaser‐scribed carbon black‐polyethylene compositesnon‐hermitian physicsultrasensitive sensing system
spellingShingle Minye Yang
Lukang Wang
Zhilu Ye
Qi Zhong
Baolong Jian
Xiaohui Zhang
Şahin K. Özdemir
Ming Liu
Electronic CPA‐Laser Having Enhanced Sensitivity and Tunability
Advanced Electronic Materials
coherent perfect absorber‐laser
epidermal sensing
laser‐scribed carbon black‐polyethylene composites
non‐hermitian physics
ultrasensitive sensing system
title Electronic CPA‐Laser Having Enhanced Sensitivity and Tunability
title_full Electronic CPA‐Laser Having Enhanced Sensitivity and Tunability
title_fullStr Electronic CPA‐Laser Having Enhanced Sensitivity and Tunability
title_full_unstemmed Electronic CPA‐Laser Having Enhanced Sensitivity and Tunability
title_short Electronic CPA‐Laser Having Enhanced Sensitivity and Tunability
title_sort electronic cpa laser having enhanced sensitivity and tunability
topic coherent perfect absorber‐laser
epidermal sensing
laser‐scribed carbon black‐polyethylene composites
non‐hermitian physics
ultrasensitive sensing system
url https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202400722
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AT baolongjian electroniccpalaserhavingenhancedsensitivityandtunability
AT xiaohuizhang electroniccpalaserhavingenhancedsensitivityandtunability
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