Gene duplication and clustering underlie the conservation and diversification of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plants

Abstract Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs), comprising ~2500 compounds with pharmacological significance, are well-studied in Ranunculales but poorly understood in Magnoliids, an early-diverging angiosperm group. This study characterizes key enzymes in Houttuynia cordata—including 6-OMT, NMT, CYP8...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Changheng Shan, Xuan Zhou, Jiaojiao Zhu, Aatif Rashid, Jianhua Wang, Ning An, Changjian Zhang, Wenjuan Ji, Baosong Cai, Ke Wu, Sheng Wang, Zhenhua Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63175-x
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849226139579449344
author Changheng Shan
Xuan Zhou
Jiaojiao Zhu
Aatif Rashid
Jianhua Wang
Ning An
Changjian Zhang
Wenjuan Ji
Baosong Cai
Ke Wu
Sheng Wang
Zhenhua Liu
author_facet Changheng Shan
Xuan Zhou
Jiaojiao Zhu
Aatif Rashid
Jianhua Wang
Ning An
Changjian Zhang
Wenjuan Ji
Baosong Cai
Ke Wu
Sheng Wang
Zhenhua Liu
author_sort Changheng Shan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs), comprising ~2500 compounds with pharmacological significance, are well-studied in Ranunculales but poorly understood in Magnoliids, an early-diverging angiosperm group. This study characterizes key enzymes in Houttuynia cordata—including 6-OMT, NMT, CYP80B, and 4’OMT—that form BIA backbones and uncovers a CYP80G-mediated phenol coupling reaction in isoboldine biosynthesis. Functional analysis reveals conservation of BIA backbone formation genes between Magnoliids and Ranunculales, with evidence of gene duplication and neofunctionalization in H. cordata. Genome-wide analysis identifies dynamic clustering of CYP80B with 4’OMT and 6-OMT genes across angiosperms, reflecting their interlinked biochemical roles in the formation of BIA backbones. These findings suggest that such gene clustering may evolved through biochemical coordination, offering insights into the evolutionary mechanisms behind plant gene cluster formation. The study provides a foundation for understanding BIA biosynthesis across flowering plants and supports synthetic biology strategies to produce high-value BIAs.
format Article
id doaj-art-7459cd8ea4e54d99874d8cfc1fdcf0a6
institution Kabale University
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-7459cd8ea4e54d99874d8cfc1fdcf0a62025-08-24T11:39:09ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-08-0116111010.1038/s41467-025-63175-xGene duplication and clustering underlie the conservation and diversification of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plantsChangheng Shan0Xuan Zhou1Jiaojiao Zhu2Aatif Rashid3Jianhua Wang4Ning An5Changjian Zhang6Wenjuan Ji7Baosong Cai8Ke Wu9Sheng Wang10Zhenhua Liu11Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityState Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesShanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityAbstract Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs), comprising ~2500 compounds with pharmacological significance, are well-studied in Ranunculales but poorly understood in Magnoliids, an early-diverging angiosperm group. This study characterizes key enzymes in Houttuynia cordata—including 6-OMT, NMT, CYP80B, and 4’OMT—that form BIA backbones and uncovers a CYP80G-mediated phenol coupling reaction in isoboldine biosynthesis. Functional analysis reveals conservation of BIA backbone formation genes between Magnoliids and Ranunculales, with evidence of gene duplication and neofunctionalization in H. cordata. Genome-wide analysis identifies dynamic clustering of CYP80B with 4’OMT and 6-OMT genes across angiosperms, reflecting their interlinked biochemical roles in the formation of BIA backbones. These findings suggest that such gene clustering may evolved through biochemical coordination, offering insights into the evolutionary mechanisms behind plant gene cluster formation. The study provides a foundation for understanding BIA biosynthesis across flowering plants and supports synthetic biology strategies to produce high-value BIAs.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63175-x
spellingShingle Changheng Shan
Xuan Zhou
Jiaojiao Zhu
Aatif Rashid
Jianhua Wang
Ning An
Changjian Zhang
Wenjuan Ji
Baosong Cai
Ke Wu
Sheng Wang
Zhenhua Liu
Gene duplication and clustering underlie the conservation and diversification of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plants
Nature Communications
title Gene duplication and clustering underlie the conservation and diversification of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plants
title_full Gene duplication and clustering underlie the conservation and diversification of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plants
title_fullStr Gene duplication and clustering underlie the conservation and diversification of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plants
title_full_unstemmed Gene duplication and clustering underlie the conservation and diversification of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plants
title_short Gene duplication and clustering underlie the conservation and diversification of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plants
title_sort gene duplication and clustering underlie the conservation and diversification of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plants
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63175-x
work_keys_str_mv AT changhengshan geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT xuanzhou geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT jiaojiaozhu geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT aatifrashid geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT jianhuawang geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT ningan geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT changjianzhang geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT wenjuanji geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT baosongcai geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT kewu geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT shengwang geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants
AT zhenhualiu geneduplicationandclusteringunderlietheconservationanddiversificationofbenzylisoquinolinealkaloidbiosynthesisinplants